DTE - DMA - Comunicaciones en Congresos y otros eventos

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https://hdl.handle.net/10016/35610

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Towards ultra-low power consumption VAD architectures with mixed signal circuits
(IEEE, 2023) Shen, Yukai; Straeussnigg, Dietmar; Gutiérrez Fernández, Eric; European Commission
A voice activity detector architecture based on an analog feature extractor and a mixed signal classification stage is proposed for ultra-low power activity. The feature extraction stage is composed of a set of analog band-pass filters and frame energy estimators. The classification stage has a fully connected first layer built with ultra-low power consumption ring oscillators, followed by gated recurrent unit layers. The ring oscillator based layer consumes nWs according to transient simulations performed in a low power 65 nm CMOS technology. Additionally it features the ability to perform the analog-to-digital conversion required to handle subsequent GRU layers, as well as the possibility of computing a non-linear function like sigmoid seizing the intrinsic non-linearity of the ring oscillator. Training and testing operations are made proving competitive classification performance between a baseline model and our proposed architecture. In light of this, proper features for deployment on power-restricted edge-computing applications are shown.
Time-encoded audio MEMS sensors optimized for edge computing
(2022) Noviello, Michele; Quintero Alonso, Andrés; Patón Álvarez, Susana; European Commission
Analysis of in-band spurious tones of VCO-based analog filters and mitigation techniques
(IEEE, 2023-07-21) Medina Huamán, Víctor Manuel; Loi, Dante; Rombouts, Pieter; Hernández Corporales, Luis; European Commission; Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España)
Recently VCO-based filters have been used to implement feature extraction in voice recognition systems. Typically implemented filter structures embed the VCOs in a feedback loop. In these implementations, harmonic distortion has been observed in the output signal. This harmonic distortion has been attributed to ring oscillator nonlinearity but its origin stems from a system level problem. In this manuscript we will analyze this problem by looking at the cross modulation of Pulse Frequency Modulation (PFM) side-bands and we will explain how this creates the previously misunderstood harmonic distortion. Moreover, we will propose efficient techniques to mitigate these harmonic components and show that they can easily be implemented in hardware.
Desafíos en la visibilización del dolor en enfermedades de mujeres: una propuesta de abordaje
(2023-04-20) Gutiérrez Fernández, Eric; Martínez Pérez, Natalia; Comunidad de Madrid
El presente texto nace en el marco del proyecto “Identificación y visibilización de sesgos de género en enfermedades mediante la medición del dolor a través de contenido audiovisual y señales fisiológicas”. Acción financiada por la Comunidad de Madrid a través de la línea “Estímulo a la Investigación de Jóvenes Doctores/ as” del Convenio Plurianual con la UC3M (ENDOMEDEA-CM-UC3M), en el marco del V PRICIT (V Pla- Regional de Investigación Científica e Innovación Tecnológica).
An Unbiased MEMS Capacitance-Controlled Oscillator as a Microphone for HMI Applications
(IEEE, 2022-11-15) Noviello, Michele; Quintero Alonso, Andrés; Patón Álvarez, Susana; European Commission
MEMS microphones are usually DC biased with a voltage exceeding 10V and a large resistance, requiring a charge pump and a high-ohmic link between the ASIC and the MEMS. This DC biasing is needed to obtain enough sensitivity for medium to high quality microphones. This manuscript inves-tigates capacitance-controlled oscillators which allow to directly connect the MEMS sensor to the oscillator; this solution is prone to scaling. A new type of configuration (referred to as Cross-Connected Sensor) is presented and discussed. Its main advantage is the increase in the sensitivity and, when integrated in an ADC architecture, in the achievable SNR. The proposed solution is intended for Human-Machine Interface applications given their moderate SNR requirements.
A VCO-based voice activity detection system for IoT applications
(IEEE, 2022-10-10) Loi, Dante; Zbida Fernandez, Nordin; Hernández Corporales, Luis; Wiesbauer, Andreas; European Commission
This paper shows a system level implementation of a Voice Activity Detector aimed at edge computing applications. The system is based on a voice band filter followed by a Manhattan norm calculator. It works with time encoded signals instead of charged capacitors or analog voltages. The advantages of this approach span from ultra low power consumption, to the suitability for deep sub-micron implementations, together with the possibility to fully synthesize the circuit using digital designing tools.
Evaluating the soft error sensitivity of a GPU-based SoC for matrix multiplication
(Elsevier Ltd., 2020-11) León, Germán; Badía, Jose M.; Belloch Rodríguez, José Antonio; Lindoso Muñoz, Almudena; Entrena Arrontes, Luis Alfonso; Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España); Ministerio de Ciencia y Tecnología (España)
System-on-Chip (SoC) devices can be composed of low-power multicore processors combined with a small graphics accelerator (or GPU) which offers a trade-off between computational capacity and low-power consumption. In this work we use the LLFI-GPU fault injection tool on one of these devices to compare the sensitivity to soft errors of two different CUDA versions of matrix multiplication benchmark. Specifically, we perform fault injection campaigns on a Jetson TK1 development kit, a board equipped with a SoC including an NVIDIA 'Kepler” Graphics Processing Unit (GPU). We evaluate the effect of modifying the size of the problem and also the thread-block size on the behaviour of the algorithms. Our results show that the block version of the matrix multiplication benchmark that leverages the shared memory of the GPU is not only faster than the element-wise version, but it is also much more resilient to soft errors. We also use the cuda-gdb debugger to analyze the main causes of the crashes in the code due to soft errors. Our experiments show that most of the errors are due to accesses to invalid positions of the different memories of the GPU, which causes that the block version suffers a higher percentage of this kind of errors.
Evaluating reliability through soft error triggered exceptions at ARM Cortex-A9 microprocessor
(Elsevier Ltd., 2021-11) Avilés, Pablo M.; Lindoso Muñoz, Almudena; Belloch Rodríguez, José Antonio; Entrena Arrontes, Luis Alfonso; Comunidad de Madrid; Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España)
ARM Cortex-A9 is a high-end microprocessor present in multiple programmable System-on-Chip that is used in many application fields, including those with high reliability requirements. This work aims to understand better the behaviour of a high-end microprocessor in a harsh environment through the analysis, evaluation, and classification of exceptions. Exceptions triggered by radiation effects may end up in an unresponsive state of the microprocessor which is undesirable in high reliability scenarios. Experimental results of both fault injection and irradiation presented in this work provide an extensive analysis of the exceptions and their relationship with the executed code, the usage of operating systems and microprocessor architecture.

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