Publication: Análisis y desarrollo de sistema basado en LiFi para las comunicaciones entre un dron y un sistema de sensado
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2019-07-30
Defense date
2019-10-14
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Abstract
Durante la realización de este trabajo se pretende diseñar una solución para el uso de
las nuevas tecnologías en la recogida y análisis de datos, así como ofrecer la posibilidad de
utilizar sistemas de comunicaciones alternativos para tratar de evitar la excesiva saturación
del espectro actual. Con la llegada del llamado Internet Of Things (IoT) se abre la puerta
para la entrada de millones de dispositivos conectados entre sí y a Internet, lo que traerá
un problema espectral en el que las comunicaciones podrían sufrir una saturación total
del espectro electromagnético actual y, por lo tanto, deben buscarse alternativas a dichas
comunicaciones.
Para evitar la saturación del espectro una de las alternativas que más pueden desarrollarse
en un futuro próximo son las Visible Light Communications, que, tal y como indica
su nombre, utilizan el espectro de luz visible para transmitir los datos por el enlace de
comunicación. Cada vez más lámparas incandescentes antiguas se están sustituyendo por
bombillas LED, ya que estos son mucho más eficientes, consumen menos electricidad y
no utilizan productos nocivos para la salud. El uso de transmisores LED que puedan conmutar
de encendido a apagado y viceversa con retardos muy bajos y que pueden cambiar
de intensidad luminosa hace que las tecnologías basadas en las VLC sean muy prometedoras,
ya que pueden realizar la transferencia de datos a una muy alta velocidad y son una
alternativa viable para crear un cambio en las comunicaciones futuras.
Este trabajo propone un primer modelo de comunicación óptica entre un sistema de
sensado y un dron en el que se enviarán los datos recogidos por los sensores. Este sistema
de sensado será alimentado mediante la energía eléctrica almacenada en una batería
gracias a un segundo modelo de obtención de energía a través de luz solar.
Tras los diseños de los modelos, se propone una implementación a pequeña escala de
la comunicación óptica con la ayuda de una raspberry. Esta placa cuenta con sensores que
recogen los datos, un transmisor LED que emitirá los datos y un fotorreceptor óptico que
recibirá dicha información.
Por último, se implementará una aplicación híbrida que podrá ser utilizada tanto en
navegadores web como en dispositivos móviles. Esta aplicación servirá para poder visualizar
los datos obtenidos a través del enlace óptico. Tanto la aplicación como el receptor
óptico harán uso de una API que servirá de intermediario entre ellas y la base de datos.
The aim of this study is to design a solution for the use of new technologies in data collection and analysis, as well as to offer the possibility of using alternative communications systems to try to avoid excessive saturation of the current spectrum. With the arrival of the so-called Internet Of Things (IoT) the door opens for the entry of millions of devices connected to each other and to the Internet, which will bring a spectral problem in which communications could cause a total saturation of the current electromagnetic spectrum and, therefore, alternatives to these communications must be find. In order to avoid saturation of the spectrum, one of the alternatives that may be most developed in the near future are the Visible Light Communications, which, as its name indicates, use the visible light spectrum to transmit data through the communication link. Every time more old incandescent lamps are being replaced by LED lamps, as these are much more efficient, consume less electricity and do not use harmful products to health. The use of LED transmitters that can switch from on to off with very low delays and that can change the luminous intensity makes VLC-based technologies very promising, as they can perform data transfer at a very high speed and are a viable alternative to create a change in future communications. This study proposes a first model of optical communication between a sensing system and a drone in which the data collected by the sensors will be sent. This sensing system will be powered by electrical energy stored in a battery thanks to a second model of obtaining energy through sunlight. After the model designs, a small-scale implementation of optical communication with the help of a raspberry is proposed. This board has sensors that collect the data, an LED transmitter that will emit the data and an optical photoreceptor that will receive this information. Finally, a hybrid application will be implemented that can be used in both web browsers and mobile devices. This application will be used to visualize the data obtained through the optical link. The application and the optical receiver will use an API that will serve as an intermediary between them and the database
The aim of this study is to design a solution for the use of new technologies in data collection and analysis, as well as to offer the possibility of using alternative communications systems to try to avoid excessive saturation of the current spectrum. With the arrival of the so-called Internet Of Things (IoT) the door opens for the entry of millions of devices connected to each other and to the Internet, which will bring a spectral problem in which communications could cause a total saturation of the current electromagnetic spectrum and, therefore, alternatives to these communications must be find. In order to avoid saturation of the spectrum, one of the alternatives that may be most developed in the near future are the Visible Light Communications, which, as its name indicates, use the visible light spectrum to transmit data through the communication link. Every time more old incandescent lamps are being replaced by LED lamps, as these are much more efficient, consume less electricity and do not use harmful products to health. The use of LED transmitters that can switch from on to off with very low delays and that can change the luminous intensity makes VLC-based technologies very promising, as they can perform data transfer at a very high speed and are a viable alternative to create a change in future communications. This study proposes a first model of optical communication between a sensing system and a drone in which the data collected by the sensors will be sent. This sensing system will be powered by electrical energy stored in a battery thanks to a second model of obtaining energy through sunlight. After the model designs, a small-scale implementation of optical communication with the help of a raspberry is proposed. This board has sensors that collect the data, an LED transmitter that will emit the data and an optical photoreceptor that will receive this information. Finally, a hybrid application will be implemented that can be used in both web browsers and mobile devices. This application will be used to visualize the data obtained through the optical link. The application and the optical receiver will use an API that will serve as an intermediary between them and the database
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Keywords
Visible Light Communications, Industria 4.0, Sensores, Internet de las Cosas, Internet of Things (IoT), Comunicaciones ópticas