Publication: Análisis vibratorio de un dispositivo mecánico. Aplicación a un sistema ferroviario
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2017-02
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2017-03-13
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Abstract
En este proyecto se lleva a cabo un análisis de vibraciones de un dispositivo mecánico (sistema ferroviario), a partir de la toma de señales proporcionadas por tres acelerómetros. Estos acelerómetros estarán posicionados en la caja de grasa del bogie de un vagón de pasajeros de un Ave de la empresa Renfe, cada uno ubicado en los ejes longitudinal, axial y vertical. Las señales obtenidas fueron de la ruta Sevilla - Madrid en horario de las 8:00 am hasta 19:00 pm, de lo cual conseguimos 3 periodos de viaje para nuestro estudio.
El análisis posterior de las señales vibratorias se realizará empleando la herramienta de software matemático MATLAB, la cual nos permitirá crear un programa completamente automatizado. Dicho programa empezará clasificando las señales mediante filtros en un rango de velocidades, ubicando el recorrido y eliminando aquellas señales defectuosas; así obteniendo su representación en el dominio del tiempo y a continuación otro grafico en el dominio de la frecuencia.
Una vez terminado la representación de las señales, se prosigue con un estudio estadístico en el dominio temporal, de los cuales realizaremos una representación de su varianza, medias cuadráticas y curtosis; y respecto al dominio de la frecuencia se realizará unos diagramas de las frecuencias más repetidas para observar similitudes y variaciones en cada eje de cada recorrido realizado.
In this project,will carryout a vibration analysis of a mechanical device (rail system),from the taking of signals provided by three accelerometers. These accelerometers will be positioned in the bogie's axle box of passengers' wagon of an AVE of the company Renfe, each of these located in the longitudinal, axial and vertical axis. The signals were obtained from the Seville-Madrid route since 8:00 am to 19:00 pm, which we obtain three travel's periods for our examination. The study of vibration's signals will be carried out by the mathematical software MATLAB, which enable us to create an automated program. This program will start classified the signals through filters of speed range, situated the travels and delete deficient signals; also, obtained graphics in the time and frequency domains. Once drafted the graphics of signals, will be continued with a statistical study in the time domain, used an analysis of variance, root mean square and kurtosis.In the frequency domain, will be carried out diagrams of the most repeated frequencies, which we may see similarities and differences in each axis of each travel.
In this project,will carryout a vibration analysis of a mechanical device (rail system),from the taking of signals provided by three accelerometers. These accelerometers will be positioned in the bogie's axle box of passengers' wagon of an AVE of the company Renfe, each of these located in the longitudinal, axial and vertical axis. The signals were obtained from the Seville-Madrid route since 8:00 am to 19:00 pm, which we obtain three travel's periods for our examination. The study of vibration's signals will be carried out by the mathematical software MATLAB, which enable us to create an automated program. This program will start classified the signals through filters of speed range, situated the travels and delete deficient signals; also, obtained graphics in the time and frequency domains. Once drafted the graphics of signals, will be continued with a statistical study in the time domain, used an analysis of variance, root mean square and kurtosis.In the frequency domain, will be carried out diagrams of the most repeated frequencies, which we may see similarities and differences in each axis of each travel.
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Keywords
Tecnología ferroviaria, Acelerómetros, MATLAB (Programa de aplicación), Vibraciones, Análisis numérico