Publication: Evaluación de sistemas de suministro de energía eléctrica mediante energías renovables en la comunidad aislada de Miraflor, Nicaragua
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2016-06-20
Defense date
2016-07-05
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Abstract
El interés por el respeto con el medio ambiente me ha llevado a realizar un proyecto que como objetivo fundamental desarrolla la posibilidad de instalación de un sistema de generación eléctrico 100% renovable para alimentar una carga de tipo medio con un valor entre 15 y 20 kWh/día de demanda.
La instalación dimensionada alimentará un Centro de Interpretación de una Reserva Natural en Nicaragua en un lugar de difícil instalación de redes eléctricas y que por sus características hacen especialmente indicado el objetivo de “cero emisiones”. Para dimensionar dicho sistema se ha contado con datos reales facilitados por un contacto directo de la zona, por lo que se han podido realizar los estudios necesarios para decidir la configuración final del sistema de generación más factible.
Con el objetivo de evaluar diferentes opciones de sistemas de generación con energías renovables se ha utilizado el software de simulación y optimización de sistemas híbridos HOMER Pro. A partir de los resultados, se ha optado por un sistema de generación fotovoltaico, que se ha diseñado siguiendo las recomendaciones del Pliego de Condiciones Técnicas de Sistemas Fotovoltaicos Aislados de Red. Para validar los resultados del diseño del sistema de generación fotovoltaico se ha empleado el programa de dimensionado de sistemas fotovoltaicos PVSyst. Por último se hace una valoración de resultados atendiendo a aspectos tanto económicos como energéticos y medio ambientales para llegar a la solución final del proyecto.
Además, y como objetivo menor, se han evaluado diversos sistemas fotovoltaicos ya existentes en la zona con el objetivo de ampliar su carga añadiendo un multicargador de dispositivos móviles desarrollado en la UC3M en colaboración con estudiantes de la FAREM (Facultad Regional Multidisciplinaria, Estelí) facultad cercana a Miraflor, la zona objetivo del estudio.
My personal interest in the protection and preservation of the environment is what took me to carry out this Project that aims to develop an electric power generation system 100% renewable, meant to feed an electric charge between 15 and 20 kWh of demand a day. The engineered system will feed the Interpretation Centre of a Natural Reserve in Nicaragua; a protected area which is suitable for a “zero emissions system” as well as a place where installing electricity grids can be extremely complicated. In order to design the referred system, I have been provided with real data, thanks to the collaboration of a contact in the area. These data have been essential to conduct the necessary studies and set up the final generation system. With the purpose of evaluating which renewable energy was more appropriate to develop the generation system, I have use the HOMER Pro simulation and optimization software system. Based on the results, I have opted to implement a photovoltaic system which has been designed after the General Technical Specification of Isolated Photovoltaic Systems (Pliego de Condiciones Técnicas para Sistemas Aislados Fotovoltaicos). To validate the results of the design, I have used the dimensioning system programme PVSyst. Eventually, economical and energetical aspects of the project have been analyzed, with the aim to come to a viable solution. In addition, as a secondary objective, I have tested preexisting photovoltaic systems in the same area, in order to increase its charge by adding a mobile device multi-charger, which was developed by UC3M in collaboration with FAREM University in Miraflor, the place where this study has been carried out.
My personal interest in the protection and preservation of the environment is what took me to carry out this Project that aims to develop an electric power generation system 100% renewable, meant to feed an electric charge between 15 and 20 kWh of demand a day. The engineered system will feed the Interpretation Centre of a Natural Reserve in Nicaragua; a protected area which is suitable for a “zero emissions system” as well as a place where installing electricity grids can be extremely complicated. In order to design the referred system, I have been provided with real data, thanks to the collaboration of a contact in the area. These data have been essential to conduct the necessary studies and set up the final generation system. With the purpose of evaluating which renewable energy was more appropriate to develop the generation system, I have use the HOMER Pro simulation and optimization software system. Based on the results, I have opted to implement a photovoltaic system which has been designed after the General Technical Specification of Isolated Photovoltaic Systems (Pliego de Condiciones Técnicas para Sistemas Aislados Fotovoltaicos). To validate the results of the design, I have used the dimensioning system programme PVSyst. Eventually, economical and energetical aspects of the project have been analyzed, with the aim to come to a viable solution. In addition, as a secondary objective, I have tested preexisting photovoltaic systems in the same area, in order to increase its charge by adding a mobile device multi-charger, which was developed by UC3M in collaboration with FAREM University in Miraflor, the place where this study has been carried out.
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Energía eléctrica, Energías renovables, Sistema de generación fotovoltaico, Nicaragua, Simulación