Publication: Desarrollo de una ayuda técnica para alumnos del colegio San Rafael (14): Transición a la vida adulta - Diana adaptada (1)
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2016-10-04
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2016-10-04
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Abstract
El Trabajo Final de Grado que a continuación se expone forma parte del proyecto TRANSICIÓN A LA VIDA ADULTA - DIANA ADAPTADA que representa un juego adaptado para el C.E.E del Hospital San Rafael de Madrid, a cuyos alumnos con grados severos de discapacidad física y cognitiva va dirigido este juego.
El principal objetivo del proyecto es desarrollar las capacidades de los alumnos, adquiriendo un desarrollo emocional y social; a la par de entretener, creando para ello un sistema que satisfaga dichas necesidades con el menor coste posible.
El sistema completo está formado por un lanzabolas y una diana, independientes entre sí, pero necesarios ambos para el desarrollo del juego. Cada uno de estos bloques se presenta como una memoria aparte, dentro de dos diferentes Trabajos Fin de Grado. En esta memoria en concreto se trata el subsistema Diana, detallando el proceso de diseño electrónico y mecánico y su implementación.
Ambos subsistemas están pensados para poder funcionar como sistema conjunto. El lanzabolas tiene la función de lanzar una bola hacia la diana; este será manejado por los alumnos mediante un mando. El mando presenta un botón y una conexión con puerto Jack, donde se conectarán los pulsadores de los alumnos. Para lanzar la bola, el subsistema consta de una secuencia que va transcurriendo según se vaya pulsando el botón del mando o los pulsadores de los alumnos, y tras cuatro pulsaciones (Mov.Vertical, Mov.Horizontal, Act.Motores y Disparo) se dispara la bola.
La diana se encarga de contabilizar las puntuaciones de los cuatro jugadores y de llevar el desarrollo del juego. Todo lo correspondiente al cambio de jugador y de inicio o fin de la partida, etc. lo llevará a cabo el profesor.
Ambos subsistemas se controlan independientemente con sendos microcontroladores Arduino, que son programados de acuerdo a las necesidades y requerimientos del juego, y la electrónica de control anexa a él, que será descrita en esta memoria.
Además, todas las piezas necesarias para el montaje del sistema se fabrican en plástico ABS, completamente impreso con una impresora 3D, siendo la estructura principal una combinación de estas piezas y otras de madera.
Tras la finalización del conjunto, el sistema fue puesto en prueba en entorno real con resultados satisfactorios. Cabe decir que en todo el Trabajo se han seguido las directrices del Diseño para Todos, contando además con los usuarios finales en cada fase del mismo.
The final work degree exposed here is a part of the project Transition to the adult life - Adapted Board Game. It shows a game adapted for the C.E.E in the San Rafael hospital in Madrid, whose students have severe degrees of physical and cognitive disabilities. The main objective of the project is based in the enhancement of the students skills, acquiring a correct social and emotional development, while getting entertainment at the same time, creating a system that meets those needs and with the lowest possible cost. The complete system is like a dartboard, changing darts by ball. It is formed by a launchball system and a board or Target, both independent but both of them necessary for the correct development of the game. Each of these blocks have been described in a separated report in two different final Degree work. In this particular report, the Target subsystem is described, detailing the process of electronic and mechanic design and its implementation in the subsystem. Both subsystems are designed to operate as a join system. The launchball has the function of throwing a ball towards the target, which will be handled by the students via a remote control. It has a button and a connection with a Jack port, allowing that the personal buttons of the students, adapted to their personal abilities, could be connected. To throw the ball, the subsystem follows a sequence that will run step by step by the students, by pressing the remote control buttons or their own buttons, and after four steps (Vertical movement /Horizontal movement / Activation of engines and shooting) the ball is launched. The Target manages the update of the scores of the four players while playing the game. Everything about the player changes and the start or the end of the game, etc. will be conducted by the teacher with its help. Both subsystems are controlled independently by two separated microcontrollers, being Arduino selected, which are programmed according to the needs and the requirements of the game and the electronic control annexed to it, that will be describe in this memory. In addition, all the parts needed for the mounting of the system are manufactured in ABS plastic and completely printed with a 3D printer, being the main structure a combination of these pieces and a wood setup. After the completion of the system, it was put into test in a real environment with satisfactory results. It is worth to be remarked that the design guidelines have been followed in all the work, taking into account the final users opinion and skills in every design phase.
The final work degree exposed here is a part of the project Transition to the adult life - Adapted Board Game. It shows a game adapted for the C.E.E in the San Rafael hospital in Madrid, whose students have severe degrees of physical and cognitive disabilities. The main objective of the project is based in the enhancement of the students skills, acquiring a correct social and emotional development, while getting entertainment at the same time, creating a system that meets those needs and with the lowest possible cost. The complete system is like a dartboard, changing darts by ball. It is formed by a launchball system and a board or Target, both independent but both of them necessary for the correct development of the game. Each of these blocks have been described in a separated report in two different final Degree work. In this particular report, the Target subsystem is described, detailing the process of electronic and mechanic design and its implementation in the subsystem. Both subsystems are designed to operate as a join system. The launchball has the function of throwing a ball towards the target, which will be handled by the students via a remote control. It has a button and a connection with a Jack port, allowing that the personal buttons of the students, adapted to their personal abilities, could be connected. To throw the ball, the subsystem follows a sequence that will run step by step by the students, by pressing the remote control buttons or their own buttons, and after four steps (Vertical movement /Horizontal movement / Activation of engines and shooting) the ball is launched. The Target manages the update of the scores of the four players while playing the game. Everything about the player changes and the start or the end of the game, etc. will be conducted by the teacher with its help. Both subsystems are controlled independently by two separated microcontrollers, being Arduino selected, which are programmed according to the needs and the requirements of the game and the electronic control annexed to it, that will be describe in this memory. In addition, all the parts needed for the mounting of the system are manufactured in ABS plastic and completely printed with a 3D printer, being the main structure a combination of these pieces and a wood setup. After the completion of the system, it was put into test in a real environment with satisfactory results. It is worth to be remarked that the design guidelines have been followed in all the work, taking into account the final users opinion and skills in every design phase.
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Ayuda a la discapacidad, Ayudas técnicas, Juegos adaptados, Desarrollo emocional y social