Publication: Diseño de una estructura flotante para un aerogenerador offshore
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2015-06
Defense date
2015-07-13
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Abstract
El presente proyecto consiste en diseñar una estructura que otorgue flotabilidad a un aerogenerador
offshore. Para tal efecto se realiza un análisis por medio de un software de elementos finitos que evalúa el
comportamiento en el mar. La localización de la turbina eólica se sitúa en las costas gallegas, como
consecuencia de un estudio en el que se tienen en cuenta la potencia que se genera, la profundidad y la
distancia a la costa entre otros factores.
Para conseguir la estabilidad deseada se opta por utilizar una plataforma TLP con lastre de
hormigón, consiguiendo así bajar el centro de gravedad y dotar al soporte de un momento recuperador que
tarde poco tiempo en conseguir la posición incial. Para determinar que el modelo cumple con la estabilidad
requerida para este tipo de estructuras se estudian los movimientos de la estructura ante cargas de viento y
olas y se comparan con otros proyectos.
En el capítulo correspondiente al análisis estructural se siguen los pasos realizados por varios
autores que han estudiado con anterioridad la estabilidad de la estructura ante cargas dinámicas producidas
por el mar. Un comportamiento estable del modelo se consigue con unos refuerzos anulares y verticales,
además de la utilización de mamparos, que se utilizan como componente de seguridad ante posibles fugas.
Los materiales que se han utilizado son chapas de acero de 35 mm y hormigón.
The aim of this project is to design a structure that gives buoyancy to an offshore wind turbine. For this purpose, an analysis is performed using a finite element software which evaluates the behavior at sea. The situation of the wind turbine is located on the Galician coast as a result of a study that takes into account the power that is generated, the depth and the distance from the coast among other factors. To achieve the desired stability is used a TLP platform with concrete ballast, getting a lower center of gravity and providing the support of a restoring moment which take little time to get the starting position. To determine that the model gathers the required stability for this type of structure the movements of the structure loads of wind and waves are studied and compared with other projects. In the chapter of structural analysis are described the steps that several authors have followed. This authors have previously studied the stability of the structure under dynamic loads produced by the sea. A stable behavior model is achieved with annular and vertical reinforcements, besides the use of bulkheads which are used as components of security against possible leakage. Materials that have been used are steel plates of 35 mm and concrete.
The aim of this project is to design a structure that gives buoyancy to an offshore wind turbine. For this purpose, an analysis is performed using a finite element software which evaluates the behavior at sea. The situation of the wind turbine is located on the Galician coast as a result of a study that takes into account the power that is generated, the depth and the distance from the coast among other factors. To achieve the desired stability is used a TLP platform with concrete ballast, getting a lower center of gravity and providing the support of a restoring moment which take little time to get the starting position. To determine that the model gathers the required stability for this type of structure the movements of the structure loads of wind and waves are studied and compared with other projects. In the chapter of structural analysis are described the steps that several authors have followed. This authors have previously studied the stability of the structure under dynamic loads produced by the sea. A stable behavior model is achieved with annular and vertical reinforcements, besides the use of bulkheads which are used as components of security against possible leakage. Materials that have been used are steel plates of 35 mm and concrete.
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Keywords
Aerogeneradores, Método de los elementos finitos, Energía eólica, Hidromecánica, Análisis estructural