Publication: Derechos de las mujeres y derechos humanos: un camino entre igualdad y autonomía
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2011-06
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Universidad Carlos III de Madrid. Instituto de Derechos Humanos Bartolomé de las Casas; Dykinson
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Abstract
La consolidación de los derechos de las mujeres exige una profunda revisión de dos nociones determinantes en la fundación antropológica y filosófica de los derechos humanos: la idea de autonomía individual y el principio de igualdad. Dos nociones que en la interpretación tradicional liberal favorecieron la exclusión de las mujeres del discurso de los derechos y del ámbito público,
y las dejaron recluidas en el espacio de la irracionalidad Aunque el sufragismo del siglo XIX y el feminismo liberal favorecieron su acceso a la ciudadanía y la igualdad ante la ley, y el feminismo socialista, fusionó su liberación con la de la clase, ninguno de estos movimientos pudo acabar con las
estructuras de dominación y con la marginación que las mujeres sufrían. Sólo a partir de los años sesenta, las mujeres conquistan la posibilidad de pensarse a sí mismas independientemente de los varones, reformulando en clave de género las categorías masculinas con las que habían sido concebidas, y planteando, por esta vía, una filosofía para los derechos más incluyente y liberadora.
The consolidation of the rights of women requires a deep and profound review of two concepts crucial to the anthropological and philosophical foundation of human rights: the idea of individual autonomy and the principle of equality. Two notions that in the traditional liberal interpretation favoured the exclusion of women from rights speech and the public sphere, and confined them to the space of irrationality. Although the nineteenth-century suffrage and liberal feminism favoured access to citizenship and equality before the law, and socialist feminism merged its release with the class, none of these moves could end the structures of domination and marginalization that women suffered. Only after the decade of the sixties, the women acquired a chance to think of themselves independently from males, reformulating in terms of gender the categories with which had been conceived, and raising, in this way, a philosophy for rights more inclusive and liberating.
The consolidation of the rights of women requires a deep and profound review of two concepts crucial to the anthropological and philosophical foundation of human rights: the idea of individual autonomy and the principle of equality. Two notions that in the traditional liberal interpretation favoured the exclusion of women from rights speech and the public sphere, and confined them to the space of irrationality. Although the nineteenth-century suffrage and liberal feminism favoured access to citizenship and equality before the law, and socialist feminism merged its release with the class, none of these moves could end the structures of domination and marginalization that women suffered. Only after the decade of the sixties, the women acquired a chance to think of themselves independently from males, reformulating in terms of gender the categories with which had been conceived, and raising, in this way, a philosophy for rights more inclusive and liberating.
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Autonomía individual y dependencia, Igualdad formal y sustancial, Derechos de las mujeres, Sufragismo, Feminismos, Derechos sexuados, Sujeto situado, Diferencias, Individual autonomy and dependency, Formal and substantive equality, Women’s rights, Suffrage, Feminism, Sexual rights, Subject location, Differences, Igualdad
Bibliographic citation
Derechos y Libertades: revista de filosofía del derecho y derechos humanos, junio 2011, n. 25, pp. 55-86