Publication: Las tareas del daño
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2022
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Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, CSIC: Instituto de Filosofía
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Abstract
Se propone que las experiencias de daño se definen por dos tipos de rasgos. En primer lugar, por un tipo doble de modalidad de la experiencia: a diferencia de la negatividad de lo que tradicionalmente se comprende como mal, el daño se define no por ser necesario o ser experimentado como tal, sino por su posibilidad negativa -lo que no es o era necesario que hubiera sucedido- y por la necesidad práctica de que no vuelva a reiterarse. En segundo lugar, las experiencias de daño se elaboran y trabajan en estructuras relacionales no simétricas de las víctimas o los supervivientes, los victimarios o dañadores y el conjunto de terceras figuras que atienden y se posicionan concernidos ante ellas, cuando ello alcanza a suceder. Por lo primero, los daños se abren a su clausura que se articula, al menos, en tres tareas: las de su cese, las de su cura o reparación y las del compromiso de su no reiteración. Por lo segundo, esas tareas suponen autoridades y responsabilidades diferentes en esas tres figuras que configuran las experiencias de daño.
Harm experiences are defined by two sets of traits. In the first place, by the double type of modality of its experience: in contrast with the type of negativity that has been traditionally understood as evil, harm is defined not by its being or being experienced as necessary but by its negative possibility¿what is not necessary that it should happen or have happened¿and by the practical necessity that it should not happen again. In the second place, harm experiences are worked through in non-symmetrical relational structures between victims or survivors, wrongdoers or victimizers, and the set of third-party figures that attend to them and adopt a concerned attitude towards them, when this is achieved. In virtue of the first set of traits, harms are open to their closure that is articulated, at least, in three types of labors or tasks: its cessation, its reparation or cure, and the commitment of its non-repetition. In virtue of the second set of traits, these tasks entail differential authorities and responsibilities in the three types of figures involved in experiences of harm.
Harm experiences are defined by two sets of traits. In the first place, by the double type of modality of its experience: in contrast with the type of negativity that has been traditionally understood as evil, harm is defined not by its being or being experienced as necessary but by its negative possibility¿what is not necessary that it should happen or have happened¿and by the practical necessity that it should not happen again. In the second place, harm experiences are worked through in non-symmetrical relational structures between victims or survivors, wrongdoers or victimizers, and the set of third-party figures that attend to them and adopt a concerned attitude towards them, when this is achieved. In virtue of the first set of traits, harms are open to their closure that is articulated, at least, in three types of labors or tasks: its cessation, its reparation or cure, and the commitment of its non-repetition. In virtue of the second set of traits, these tasks entail differential authorities and responsibilities in the three types of figures involved in experiences of harm.
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Daño, Modalidad, Posibilidad Negativa, Necesidad Práctica, Tarea, Responsabilidad, Figuras Del Daño, Víctimas, Victimarios, Terceras Figuras, Cese, Reparación, No Reiteración, Harm, Modality, Negative Possibility, Practical Necessity, Task, Labor, Responsibility, Figures Of Harm, Victims, Victimizers, Third Party Figures, Cessation, Reparation, Non-Reiteration
Bibliographic citation
Isegoria. Revista de Filosofía moral y política, N.º 66, (en.-jun. 2022)