Publication: La guerra fría y los empresarios españoles: la articulación de los intereses económicos de Estados Unidos en España, 1950-1975
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2004
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Fundación SEPI: Centro de Estudios Constitucionales: Instituto Laureano Figuerola
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Abstract
En este trabajo se examinan algunos efectos de la alianza política y militar entre España y Estados Unidos durante los años cincuenta y sesenta del siglo XX. Se examina la ayuda técnica, entendida como el conjunto de programas oficiales, contratos e inversiones privadas que sirvieron para transferir a España las técnicas de producción y organización norteamericanas. El análisis cuantitativo y cualitativo revela que tanto dicha ayuda como los círculos pro-americanos formados a su alrededor, en parte sustentados en relaciones de negocios anteriores, fueron
esenciales en la articulación de los intereses económicos estadounidenses en
España. El caso español muestra que la política económica exterior norteamericana
de la Guerra Fría favoreció, si bien sólo indirectamente, a la comunidad empresarial
de aquel país. En segundo lugar, el trabajo proporciona material e ideas para analizar el «milagro» español como un proceso de crecimiento exógeno.
This article examines some effects of the political and military alliance between Spain and the United States on the Spanish business community in the 1950s and 1960s. The technical aid is taken to be the set of official programs and private contracts and investments that helped disseminate in Spain the techniques and ideas associated with the American model. The articulation process of the economic interests of the United States in Spain is quantitatively and qualitatively analysed. Our research reveals that technical aid and the pro-American circles formed around it, which were partially based on existing business relations, were essential to such process. The Spanish case shows therefore, first, that US foreign economic policy favoured, even if only indirectly, American business during the Cold War. Second, this work provides material and ideas to analyse the Spanish «miracle» as a rather exogenous growth process.
This article examines some effects of the political and military alliance between Spain and the United States on the Spanish business community in the 1950s and 1960s. The technical aid is taken to be the set of official programs and private contracts and investments that helped disseminate in Spain the techniques and ideas associated with the American model. The articulation process of the economic interests of the United States in Spain is quantitatively and qualitatively analysed. Our research reveals that technical aid and the pro-American circles formed around it, which were partially based on existing business relations, were essential to such process. The Spanish case shows therefore, first, that US foreign economic policy favoured, even if only indirectly, American business during the Cold War. Second, this work provides material and ideas to analyse the Spanish «miracle» as a rather exogenous growth process.
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Estados Unidos, Empresariado español, Ayuda técnica, Círculos pro-americanos, Crecimiento exógeno, United States, Spanish business community, Technical aid, Pro-American circles, Exogenous growth process
Bibliographic citation
Revista de Historia Económica Año XXII verano 2004 n. 2 pp. 387-424