Publication: Análisis de una manta flexible fotovoltaica de silicio amorfo bajo diferentes condiciones climatológicas y de posición
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2017-06-21
Defense date
2017-07-14
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Abstract
En este proyecto se detallan una serie de ensayos de funcionamiento que se realizaron a
unos módulos de capa fina de silicio amorfo de la serie EPV144S de la empresa RESIGUM en la
ciudad de Moa (Cuba) durante el invierno del 2016 para determinar su trabajo bajo unas
condiciones de clima tropical característico de Cuba. En ellos se pudo comprobar el efecto de
la variación de los niveles de producción de energía en proporción con la radiación global
adquirida, la temperatura superficial del módulo y las condiciones climatológicas. Se
demostraron los cambios bruscos en producción ante las variaciones de nubosidad y se
consiguió obtener una expresión que relaciona los niveles de radiación global sobre el plano
con la potencia generada por el módulo mediante una regresión lineal.
Por otro lado, también se analizó el comportamiento de esta tecnología a diferentes
inclinaciones y orientaciones obteniendo los óptimos para la ciudad de Moa en dirección sur y
a una inclinación de 40˚ para ese día. Además se calcularon las pérdidas en cuanto a
producción y captación de energía solar para diferentes inclinaciones y métodos de cálculo de
la inclinación óptima anual para módulos fijos. Asimismo, se pudo comprobar que la
orientación en planta no genera ningún cambio por lo que la instalación en horizontal o
vertical se deja a decisión de la mejor instalación posible. Para ambos ensayos experimentales
se utilizaron equipos de altas prestaciones para la obtención de datos tales como: una estación
meteorológica, un termómetro infrarrojo con óptica de precisión y un comprobador de la
eficiencia para módulos fotovoltaicos.
Por último se realizó un ensayo virtual (simulación) en lugares diferentes con el software
de diseño fotovoltaico PVSyst para un conjunto de 7 mantas fotovoltaicas, similares a las
utilizadas experimentalmente, para obtener la producción de energía anual del conjunto y
analizar las diferencias existentes entre los dos proyectos para definir las posibles causas. Los
lugares elegidos fueron Moa y Madrid al tener climas diferentes y ser sede de las
universidades colaboradas en este proyecto. Los resultados determinaron que en Madrid se
produce una mayor energía que el mismo sistema en la ciudad de Moa pudiendo ser el
principal problema las claras diferencias de temperaturas medias entre ambas ciudades.
In this project a series of performance tests are carried out on some modules of thinfilm amorphous silicon, series EPV144S of the RESIGUM company, in the town of Moa during the winter of 2016 in order to determine their work under tropical climate conditions, characteristic of Cuba. They failed to verify the effect of the variation in the levels of energy production in proportion with acquired global radiation, the surface temperature of the module and the weather conditions. Sudden changes in production showed themselves against variations in cloud cover and managed to get an expression that relates the levels of global radiation on the plane with the power generated by the module using a linear regression. On the other hand, the behavior of this technology at different inclinations and orientations has been also analyzed obtaining the optimal for Moa town in southward direction and a slope of 40º for that day. The losses in terms of production and uptake of solar energy for different inclinations and methods of calculation of annual optimum inclination for fixed modules were also calculated. Moreover it was found that orientation in plant does not generate any change so installation in horizontal or vertical is left to the decision of the best installation possible. For both experimental test equipment of high performance were used to obtain data such as: a weather station, an infrared thermometer with precision optics and a tester of efficiency for photovoltaic modules. Finally held a virtual testing in different places with photovoltaic design software PVSyst for a set of 7 photovoltaic blankets, similar to those used experimentally, in order to obtain annual energy of the whole production and analyze the differences between the two projects to define possible causes. The places chosen were Moa and Madrid, cities that have different climates and host partners universities in this project. The results determined that Madrid occurs in a higher energy than the same system in the town of Moa. This result could be determined by the clear differences of temperatures between the two cities.
In this project a series of performance tests are carried out on some modules of thinfilm amorphous silicon, series EPV144S of the RESIGUM company, in the town of Moa during the winter of 2016 in order to determine their work under tropical climate conditions, characteristic of Cuba. They failed to verify the effect of the variation in the levels of energy production in proportion with acquired global radiation, the surface temperature of the module and the weather conditions. Sudden changes in production showed themselves against variations in cloud cover and managed to get an expression that relates the levels of global radiation on the plane with the power generated by the module using a linear regression. On the other hand, the behavior of this technology at different inclinations and orientations has been also analyzed obtaining the optimal for Moa town in southward direction and a slope of 40º for that day. The losses in terms of production and uptake of solar energy for different inclinations and methods of calculation of annual optimum inclination for fixed modules were also calculated. Moreover it was found that orientation in plant does not generate any change so installation in horizontal or vertical is left to the decision of the best installation possible. For both experimental test equipment of high performance were used to obtain data such as: a weather station, an infrared thermometer with precision optics and a tester of efficiency for photovoltaic modules. Finally held a virtual testing in different places with photovoltaic design software PVSyst for a set of 7 photovoltaic blankets, similar to those used experimentally, in order to obtain annual energy of the whole production and analyze the differences between the two projects to define possible causes. The places chosen were Moa and Madrid, cities that have different climates and host partners universities in this project. The results determined that Madrid occurs in a higher energy than the same system in the town of Moa. This result could be determined by the clear differences of temperatures between the two cities.
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Keywords
Módulos de capa fina de silicio amorfo, Energía eléctrica, Energía solar fotovoltaica, Simulación