Publication: O acesso à justiça no século XXI e as soluções alternativas de conflitos no Brasil
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2017-02-13
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Abstract
Desde a Declaração Universal dos Direitos Humanos, proclamada pela Organização das Nações Unidas em 10 de dezembro de 1948, tem-se verificado uma maior atenção aos direitos fundamentais do indivíduo pela Comunidade Internacional, de modo que esta internacionalização dos direitos humanos tem cada vez mais influenciado as legislações nacionais na adoção de garantias ao direito de acesso à justiça, visto que este direito tem sido reconhecido como primordial para concretização de sociedades igualitárias e justas. Hodiernamente, em pleno o século xxi, o acesso à justiça está consagrado como um direito fundamental para alcançar o bem-estar social, sendo essencial para a efetividade das garantias proclamadas. O acesso à justiça impõe o direito a uma ordem jurídica justa para a solução pacífica e efetiva do conflito. O presente trabalho possui o intuito de analisar o acesso à justiça e sua efetivação no ordenamento jurídico brasileiro. Primeiramente, apresentam-se conceitos básicos sobre o direito de acesso à justiça, traçando-se inclusive as influências internacionais sobre o assunto. Considerando que o aceso à justiça é um direito fundamental e universal, este estudo aborda o viés constitucional do acesso à justiça como princípio geral do qual decorrem outras garantias. Em seguida, aprofunda-se no Direito Processual Civil Brasileiro, destacando as normas processuais a respeito do tema e identificando os principais obstáculos que impedem o efetivo direito a uma ordem jurídica justa. Por fim, investiga osmétodos alternativos de solução de conflitos como opção à justiça tradicional, ressaltando a preocupação legislativa através das novas Leis de Mediação e Arbitragem.
Since the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, proclaimed by the United Nations on 10 December 1948, there has been a greater attention to the fundamental rights of the individual by the International Community, so that this internationalization of human rights has increasingly influenced the adoption of national legislation guarantees the right of access to justice, since this right has been recognized as essential for achieving egalitarian and fair societies. Today, in the 21ST century, access to justice is enshrined as a fundamental right in order to achieve social welfare, being essential for the effectiveness of the guarantees proclaimed. Access to justice requires the right to a fair legal order for the peaceful and effective solution to the conflict. The present work has the purpose of analyzing the access to justice and its effectiveness in the Brazilian legal order. Firstly, the basic concepts of the right of access to justice are presented, including international influences on the subject. Considering that the access to justice is a fundamental and universal right, this study addresses the constitutional bias of access to justice as a general principle from which other guarantees are derived. Then, Brazilian Civil Procedural Law are deepened, highlighting the procedural norms on the subject and identifying the main obstacles that impede the effective right to a just legal order. Finally, investigates alternative methods of conflict resolution as an option to traditional justice, highlighting a legislative concern across the Mediation and Arbitration Laws.
Since the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, proclaimed by the United Nations on 10 December 1948, there has been a greater attention to the fundamental rights of the individual by the International Community, so that this internationalization of human rights has increasingly influenced the adoption of national legislation guarantees the right of access to justice, since this right has been recognized as essential for achieving egalitarian and fair societies. Today, in the 21ST century, access to justice is enshrined as a fundamental right in order to achieve social welfare, being essential for the effectiveness of the guarantees proclaimed. Access to justice requires the right to a fair legal order for the peaceful and effective solution to the conflict. The present work has the purpose of analyzing the access to justice and its effectiveness in the Brazilian legal order. Firstly, the basic concepts of the right of access to justice are presented, including international influences on the subject. Considering that the access to justice is a fundamental and universal right, this study addresses the constitutional bias of access to justice as a general principle from which other guarantees are derived. Then, Brazilian Civil Procedural Law are deepened, highlighting the procedural norms on the subject and identifying the main obstacles that impede the effective right to a just legal order. Finally, investigates alternative methods of conflict resolution as an option to traditional justice, highlighting a legislative concern across the Mediation and Arbitration Laws.
Description
Comunicación presentada en el Seminario Internacional en Cultura de la Legalidad: Los desafíos del Estado de Derecho en el siglo XXI, celebrado en Getafe (Madrid) el 13 de febrero de 2017 y organizado por el Grupo de Investigación sobre el Derecho y la Justicia (GIDYJ) de la Universidad Carlos III de Madrid.
Keywords
Direitos Fundamentais, Acesso à Justiça, Soluções Alternativas, Fundamental Right, Access to Justice, Alternative Methods