Publication: Empresas multiservicios y condiciones de trabajo: salario, jornada y temporalidad
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2018-05
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Thomson Reuters
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Abstract
En los últimos años, las llamadas «empresas multiservicios» han estado en el centro del debate político y social. Estas empresas han sido acusadas de deteriorar las condiciones de trabajo de sus empleados como parte (y consecuencia) esencial de su estrategia competitiva. En efecto, como medida de descentralización productiva, la teoría nos señala que su uso debería conducir a una mayor eficiencia porque, de una parte, la empresa usuaria se deshace de aquellas tareas en las que carece de ventaja competitiva, mientras que, de otra, la multiservicios concentra precisamente aquellas actividades para las que está especializada. Sin embargo, el fenómeno de las «empresas multiservicios» contradice la teoría porque estas sociedades han terminado por asumir una amplia gama de servicios sin ningún tipo de especialización. Como resultado, su ventaja competitiva no se ha basado en la especialización, sino en bajos costes laborales. Este trabajo analiza los fundamentos empíricos que sustentan esta acusación. En concreto, recopila los datos principales sobre salario, tiempo de trabajo y contratación para este concreto sector. El objetivo fundamental es mostrar cuál es la foto fija de las condiciones de trabajo en las empresas multiservicio
During the last years, the so-called «multi-utility companies» have been on the core of the social and political debate. These companies have been accused of deteriorating working conditions as the key part of their competitive strategy. Within the context of outsourcing, the theory says that this trend promotes efficiency because, on the one hand, the user undertaking outsources those activities in which it does not have competitive advantage and, on the other hand, the outsourced company carries out the task in which it is specialized. Nevertheless, the phenomenon of «multi-activity companies» contradicts the theory, because these societies are providing a broad set of services without any kind of specialization. As a result, their competitive advantage is not based on specialization, but on low labour costs. This paper analyses the empirical base which supports this accusation. Concretely, it compiles the main data on wage, working time, temporary contracts, etc. for this kind of societies. Its main objective is to show a general panorama about working conditions in this specific sector.
During the last years, the so-called «multi-utility companies» have been on the core of the social and political debate. These companies have been accused of deteriorating working conditions as the key part of their competitive strategy. Within the context of outsourcing, the theory says that this trend promotes efficiency because, on the one hand, the user undertaking outsources those activities in which it does not have competitive advantage and, on the other hand, the outsourced company carries out the task in which it is specialized. Nevertheless, the phenomenon of «multi-activity companies» contradicts the theory, because these societies are providing a broad set of services without any kind of specialization. As a result, their competitive advantage is not based on specialization, but on low labour costs. This paper analyses the empirical base which supports this accusation. Concretely, it compiles the main data on wage, working time, temporary contracts, etc. for this kind of societies. Its main objective is to show a general panorama about working conditions in this specific sector.
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Empresas multiservicios, Condiciones de trabajo, Descentralización productiva, Multi-utility companies, Working conditions, Outsourcing
Bibliographic citation
Pérez del Prado, D. (2018). Empresas multiservicios y condiciones de trabajo: salario, jornada y temporalidad. Revista de Información Laboral, 5, pp. 229-242