Publication: Batallar fuera de casa. Mujeres de uniforme en la Primera Guerra Mundial
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2014-01-30
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Abstract
La naturaleza de la experiencia de las mujeres –dolor y soledad- durante la Primera
Guerra Mundial fue traumática. Fue precisamente en relación a la devastación que
ellas obtuvieron temporalmente poder y ciudadanía, algo que había sido patrimonio
exclusivo de los hombres antes de la guerra y volvería a serlo tras ella, con el
Armisticio. La guerra fue para las mujeres una época breve que no obstante iluminó
nuevas formas de pensamiento a través de las cuales las mujeres se encontrarían con
una nueva identidad contemporánea. En las guerras del siglo XX las mujeres se
hallaron a menudo a sí mismas esperando la oportunidad de unirse a sus
compatriotas varones en las trincheras. Muchas, ahora vestidas con hermosos
uniformes, sirvieron en las fuerzas armadas de sus países bajo la figura del “nocombatiente”, algo realmente nuevo en 1914. La tipología de funciones y tareas que se abría a las mujeres era enorme, y no solo aquellas que se asociaban tradicionalmente con la espera, el llanto o el trabajo doméstico: como madres, viudas y novias. Trabajaron en el frente doméstico por supuesto, como enfermeras, en las fábricas,
manejando municiones y como granjeras. Pero también en el frente: el escenario
donde se desarrollaba la guerra en sí. Mucho tiempo después del final de la guerra, y
pese a la escritura de los historiadores al respecto, naciones y ciudadanías no conocen bien la implicación militar de las mujeres en aquellos acontecimientos de la Primera Guerra Mundial. Esta conferencia quiere mostrar el modo en que muchas mujeres ataviadas con uniformes lucharon en el frente, lejos de sus casas, al igual que lo harían los hombres.
The nature of women's experience –pain and loneliness- during the First World War was traumatic. Because of devastation they gained temporary powers of citizenship, which were exclusive to men before the war and again, after the Armistice. The war became a short time that illuminated the new ideological structures within which women moved to a contemporary identity. In this firs 20th wars women often found themselves wanting to join their male compatriots in the trenches. Many of them, now in lovely uniforms, served in their national forces as non-combatants during I World War, a historic novelty in 1914. The range of roles open to women was huge, not only the ones largely associated with waiting, crying and working at home: women as mothers, wives or sweethearts. They worked on the home front of course, as nurses, in factories, munitions and as land workers. But so, on the battle front: the theatres where the war was going on. Many time afterword war´s ending, though historians have written about them, women´s military involvement in IWW is not enough known by nations and people ones. This conference wants to show the way many women dressed in uniforms were fighting as men did, now far away home.
The nature of women's experience –pain and loneliness- during the First World War was traumatic. Because of devastation they gained temporary powers of citizenship, which were exclusive to men before the war and again, after the Armistice. The war became a short time that illuminated the new ideological structures within which women moved to a contemporary identity. In this firs 20th wars women often found themselves wanting to join their male compatriots in the trenches. Many of them, now in lovely uniforms, served in their national forces as non-combatants during I World War, a historic novelty in 1914. The range of roles open to women was huge, not only the ones largely associated with waiting, crying and working at home: women as mothers, wives or sweethearts. They worked on the home front of course, as nurses, in factories, munitions and as land workers. But so, on the battle front: the theatres where the war was going on. Many time afterword war´s ending, though historians have written about them, women´s military involvement in IWW is not enough known by nations and people ones. This conference wants to show the way many women dressed in uniforms were fighting as men did, now far away home.
Description
Actas de: Las guerras en Europa desde una perspectiva de género. En homenaje a Valentina Fernández Vargas. Madrid, UAM, Facultad de Filosofía y Letras, 28 de enero a 3 de febrero de 2014.
Keywords
Primera Guerra Mundial, Mujeres, Ejército, Frente Doméstico, Reino Unido, Inglaterra, Estados Unidos, Rusia, IWW, Women, Army, Home Front, United Kingdom, US, Germany, Russia
Bibliographic citation
Las guerras en Europa desde una perspectiva de género. En homenaje a Valentina Fernández Vargas. UAM, Facultad de Filosofía y Letras, 28 de enero a 3 de febrero de 2014, 25 p.