Publication: Central de generación geotérmica: evaluación de sistema de condensación y extracción de incondensables
Loading...
Identifiers
Publication date
2014-02
Defense date
2014-03-11
Authors
Advisors
Tutors
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Impact
Export
Abstract
El siguiente proyecto de fin de grado presenta una optativa de diseño que
refleja una nueva posibilidad de central geotérmica, discriminado entre los diferentes
tipos de tecnologías que existen a día de hoy para este propósito. Un tipo de central
geotérmica que podría llegar a implantarse en un mayor número de zonas geográficas.
Aunque en este estudio se ha situado en una instalación en el yacimiento de Roquetas
del mar (Andalucía, España).
Se explota un yacimiento geotérmico de roca seca fracturada, que en principio
se desecha por carecer de un fluido que sirva de caloportador de la central. El sistema
de explotación es mediante hidrofracturación. Técnica que crea mayor número de
fracturas y además maximiza el numero de interconexiones entre las mismas,
fomentando una mayor área de transferencia de calor dentro del yacimiento
geotérmico. Todos estos hechos facilitan la instalación de un mayor número de
centrales en las cual se puede inyectar el fluido a artificialmente.
Es trabajo de aprovechamiento de energía geotérmica mediante una central de
25 MWe de tipo flash con apoyo de una caldera de biomasa de lecho fluidizado. La
generación de energía eléctrica es a partir del expansionado del vapor dentro de una
turbina de condensación, la cual tiene una alta eficiencia.
Se profundiza en mayor medida en el diseño, cálculo y dimensionado del
sistema de condensación y extracción de incondensables. Se presentan análisis de
condensador barométrico de contacto directo para diferentes condiciones de cálculo,
que reflejen las ventajas del apoyo de una caldera de biomasa. El análisis antes
mencionado se hace similar pero para el sistema de extracción de incondensables
(tales como el aire principalmente), formado por sistema híbrido de dos eyectores de
vapor, dos intercondensadores y apoyo de una bomba de vacío de anillo líquido.
This Final Degree Project shows an optional design which reflects a new possibility of a geothermal power station. It was discriminated between some current technologies to select the know-how under study. This type of power station can be implemented in a great number of locations. Although, the studied plant was located in a known exploitation named Roquetas del Mar in Spain. The geothermal field of dry rock is exploited, it would be thrown away because of a deficiency of the heat transfer fluid in the first place. Hence, the system of exploitation proposed consists on a hydro-fracturing process. This technique creates a huge number of breakages and it also maximizes the number of inter-connections between these. This mode involves the growth of the heat transfer area into this geothermal field. According to this main idea, all this facts can provide the installation of a great number of plants. Additionally, this operating system of flash type (of 25MWe) is carried out with the help of a biomass boiler. This type of boiler is characterized by its fluidized bed system. This generation is the result of spreading vapor into the condensing turbine, which has a highest efficiency. A main objective is to go in-depth on designs, calculations and dimensions not only of the condensation system, but the condensable extraction system. It is showed the specific analysis in different ways of a direct contact barometric condenser. These different possibilities reflect the benefits of the auxiliary biomass boiler. This analysis aforementioned is developed in a similar way, but highlighting the advantages of the incondensable extraction. These incondensable are mainly the air, the hybrid system is formed by two ejector steam. Particularly, it consists of two inter-condensators and a liquid ring vacuum pump.
This Final Degree Project shows an optional design which reflects a new possibility of a geothermal power station. It was discriminated between some current technologies to select the know-how under study. This type of power station can be implemented in a great number of locations. Although, the studied plant was located in a known exploitation named Roquetas del Mar in Spain. The geothermal field of dry rock is exploited, it would be thrown away because of a deficiency of the heat transfer fluid in the first place. Hence, the system of exploitation proposed consists on a hydro-fracturing process. This technique creates a huge number of breakages and it also maximizes the number of inter-connections between these. This mode involves the growth of the heat transfer area into this geothermal field. According to this main idea, all this facts can provide the installation of a great number of plants. Additionally, this operating system of flash type (of 25MWe) is carried out with the help of a biomass boiler. This type of boiler is characterized by its fluidized bed system. This generation is the result of spreading vapor into the condensing turbine, which has a highest efficiency. A main objective is to go in-depth on designs, calculations and dimensions not only of the condensation system, but the condensable extraction system. It is showed the specific analysis in different ways of a direct contact barometric condenser. These different possibilities reflect the benefits of the auxiliary biomass boiler. This analysis aforementioned is developed in a similar way, but highlighting the advantages of the incondensable extraction. These incondensable are mainly the air, the hybrid system is formed by two ejector steam. Particularly, it consists of two inter-condensators and a liquid ring vacuum pump.
Description
Keywords
Centrales termoeléctricas, Energía geotérmica, Biomasa, Energías renovables, Condensadores de vapor