Publication: Comunicaciones sincronizadas en dispositivos limitados
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2017-10-10
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2017-10-10
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Abstract
En este trabajo se diseña y prueba un sistema de comunicación síncrono para los dispositivos limitados autónomos que componen las redes de sensores inalámbricas. El objetivo que se persigue con ello es lograr un notable ahorro de energía en las baterías de los nodos sin que éstos pierdan la capacidad de envío y recepción de información. Para ello se programan períodos de intercambio de datos y desactivando el módulo de comunicaciones fuera de estas etapas de tiempo.
Para la creación de la red de sensores se ha elegido la plataforma modular opensource Waspmote y el estándar de comunicación IEEE 802.11, popularmente conocido como Wi-Fi, debido a su gran flexibilidad.
Previo al diseño del sistema se ha realizado un breve estudio de la situación actual de las redes de sensores inalámbricas: esquemas más utilizados, tecnologías de comunicación más apropiadas, proyectos actuales, etc.
Con ayuda de los datos recopilados en dicha investigación se ha propuesto un diseño teórico organizado mediante una topología tipo árbol en la que un extremo del sistema lo ocupa un servidor con acceso a una base de datos y el otro extremo está compuesto por un conjunto de nodos sensores inalámbricos. Entre ellos, un sink node hace de enlace entre el resto de Waspmotes de la red y el servidor. Organizado de esta manera, el sistema es capaz de configurarse completamente al descargar los ajustes necesarios del servidor, y los sensores quedan programados para establecer conexiones periódicas nodo-nodo y sink node - servidor con el fin de almacenar las mediciones realizadas en la base de datos. De esta forma, los Waspmotes consiguen ahorrar energía utilizando el modo sleep en los períodos de inactividad.
Posteriormente, se ha desarrollado un prototipo basado en el diseño propuesto con el fin de comprobar el ahorro de energía conseguido respecto a otros diseños. Los resultados obtenidos demuestran que la solución sincronizada propuesta consigue aumentar la autonomía de las baterías de los nodos sin perjudicar el régimen de comunicación habitual de las redes de sensores.
In this work is designed and tested a synchronous communication system for the autonomous limited devices that currently compose the wireless sensor networks. The objective is to achieve a remarkable energy saving in the nodes’ batteries by programming periods of data exchange and disabling the communications module out of these stages of time, but without losing the ability to send and receive information. For the creation of the sensor network has been chosen the modular opensource platform Waspmote and the IEEE 802.11 communication standard, popularly known as Wi-Fi, due to its great flexibility. Before the system’s design, a brief study of the wireless sensor networks’ current situation was made: the more used schemes, the more appropriate communication technologies, current projects, etc. Using the information obtained, a theoretical design, organized in a tree topology, was proposed, in which one end of the system is occupied by a server with access to a database and the other end is composed of a set of wireless sensor nodes. Among them, a sink node makes a link between the Waspmotes and the server. Organized this way, the system is able to configure itself by downloading the necessary settings from the server, and the sensors are programmed to establish periodic node-node and sink node - server connections in order to store the made measurements in the database. In this way, the Waspmotes manage to save energy using the sleep mode during downtime periods. Later, a specific test environment has been developed in order to check the energy saving achieved respect to other designs. The results show that the proposed synchronized solution manages to increase the batteries’ autonomy without damaging the usual communication regime of sensor networks.
In this work is designed and tested a synchronous communication system for the autonomous limited devices that currently compose the wireless sensor networks. The objective is to achieve a remarkable energy saving in the nodes’ batteries by programming periods of data exchange and disabling the communications module out of these stages of time, but without losing the ability to send and receive information. For the creation of the sensor network has been chosen the modular opensource platform Waspmote and the IEEE 802.11 communication standard, popularly known as Wi-Fi, due to its great flexibility. Before the system’s design, a brief study of the wireless sensor networks’ current situation was made: the more used schemes, the more appropriate communication technologies, current projects, etc. Using the information obtained, a theoretical design, organized in a tree topology, was proposed, in which one end of the system is occupied by a server with access to a database and the other end is composed of a set of wireless sensor nodes. Among them, a sink node makes a link between the Waspmotes and the server. Organized this way, the system is able to configure itself by downloading the necessary settings from the server, and the sensors are programmed to establish periodic node-node and sink node - server connections in order to store the made measurements in the database. In this way, the Waspmotes manage to save energy using the sleep mode during downtime periods. Later, a specific test environment has been developed in order to check the energy saving achieved respect to other designs. The results show that the proposed synchronized solution manages to increase the batteries’ autonomy without damaging the usual communication regime of sensor networks.
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Keywords
Sístemas de comunicación síncronos, Dispositivos limitados autónomos, Redes de sensores inalámbricas, Eficiencia energética