DI - LABDA - Capítulos de Monografías

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An Approach to Circumstantial Knowledge Management for Human-Like Interaction
(SCITEPRESS (Science and Technology Publications,Lda.), 2014) Baldominos Gómez, Alejandro; Calle Gómez, Francisco Javier; Cuadra Fernández, María Dolores
This paper proposes the design of a general-purpose domain-independent knowledge model formalizing and managing the circumstantial knowledge involved in the human interaction process, i.e., a Situation Model. Its design is aimed to be embodied into a human-like interaction system, thus enriching the quality of the interaction by providing context-aware features to the interaction system. The proposal differs from similar work in that it is supported by the spatio-temporal databases technology. Additionally, since the proposed model requires to be fed with real knowledge obtained from each specific interaction domain, this paper also proposes an edition tool for acquiring and managing that circumstantial knowledge. The tool also supports the simulation over the model to check the correctness and completeness of the acquired knowledge. Finally, some scenario examples are provided in order to illustrate how the Situation Model works, and to gain perspective on its future possibilities of application in different systems where context-aware services can make a difference.
Requisitos de accesibilidad web en los reproductores multimedia
(Ibergarceta, 2011-09) González, María; Moreno López, Lourdes; Martínez Fernández, Paloma; Iglesias Maqueda, Ana María
El contenido de vídeo se ha ido incorporando en la Web sin tener en mente las barreras de accesibilidad que pueden llegar a incorporar si no se hace de forma adecuada. Dado su gran aumento, es fundamental dar un cambio de rumbo, y empezar a incluir contenido de vídeo que cumpla los requisitos de accesibilidad necesarios para que puedan acceder a él el mayor número de usuarios posible. En la interacción del usuario con la reproducción de un vídeo intervienen muchos aspectos, siendo de gran importancia el agente de usuario web (navegadores, reproductores, etc.). A través de los reproductores multimedia los usuarios acceden a los contenidos de tipo vídeo, por lo que es fundamental que éstos cumplan un mínimo de requisitos de accesibilidad. En este artículo se presentan estándares, normativa y buenas prácticas relativas, así como una propuesta de método ágil de evaluación de los requisitos de accesibilidad en un reproductor multimedia. Por último, como un recurso a profesionales que quieran incluir reproductores multimedia accesibles en sus sitios web, se proporcionan unas guías básicas.
Overlapping Chat's Accessibility Requirements between students with and without disabilities due to the mobile limitations
(International Association for Development of The Information Society, 2014-02) Calvo, Rocío; Iglesias Maqueda, Ana María; Moreno López, Lourdes
The use of Chats has been extended for mobile-learning (m-learning) environments in the last decade. Students and teachers can communicate in real time and they do not need to wait till their next tutoring date. However, Chats have many accessibility barriers and many students cannot use this collaborative tool. These accessibility barriers affect students with disabilities but students without disabilities can face the same accessibility problems too due to the restrictions and limitations of handheld devices. Previous studies have improved the accessibility of Chats for a specific environment or disabilities but none of them is focused on the limitations that students without disabilities can face when they are using Chats in handheld devices. This is the main aim of this research; specify how the Chats' accessible requirements have been elicited and analyze the benefits that obtained requirements can produce for people without disabilities in m-learning contexts.
Are Passages Enough? The MIRACLE Team Participation at QA@CLEF2009
(Springer, 2009-09) Vicente-Díez, María Teresa; Pablo-Sánchez, César de; Martínez Fernández, Paloma; Moreno Schneider, Julián; Garrote Salazar, Marta
This paper summarizes the participation of the MIRACLE team in the Multilingual Question Answering Track at CLEF 2009. In this campaign, we took part in the monolingual Spanish task at ResPubliQA and submitted two runs. We have adapted our QA system to the new JRC-Acquis collection and the legal domain. We tested the use of answer filtering and ranking techniques against a baseline system using passage retrieval with no success. The run using question analysis and passage retrieval obtained a global accuracy of 0.33, while the addition of an answer filtering resulted in 0.29. We provide an analy-sis of the results for different questions types to investigate why it is difficult to leverage previous QA techniques. Another task of our work has been the appli-cation of temporal management to QA. Finally we include some discussion of the problems found with the new collection and the complexities of the domain.
SemEval-2013 Task 9 : Extraction of Drug-Drug Interactions from Biomedical Texts (DDIExtraction 2013)
(Association for Computational Linguistics, 2013-06) Segura-Bedmar, Isabel; Martínez Fernández, Paloma; Herrero Zazo, María
The DDIExtraction 2013 task concerns the recognition of drugs and extraction of drugdrug interactions that appear in biomedical literature. We propose two subtasks for the DDIExtraction 2013 Shared Task challenge: 1) the recognition and classification of drug names and 2) the extraction and classification of their interactions. Both subtasks have been very successful in participation and results. There were 14 teams who submitted a total of 38 runs. The best result reported for the first subtask was F1 of 71.5% and 65.1% for the second one.
UEM-UC3M: An Ontology-based named entity recognition system for biomedical texts
(Association for Computational Linguistics, 2015-06) Sánchez Cisneros, Daniel; Aparicio Gali, Fernando
Drug name entity recognition focuses on identifying concepts appearing in the text that correspond to a chemical substance used in pharmacology for treatment, cure, prevention or diagnosis of diseases. This paper describes a system based on ontologies for identifying the chemical substances in biomedical text. The system achieves an F-1 measure of 0.529 in the task.
UC3M: A kernel-based approach to identify and classify DDIs in biomedical texts
(Association for Computational Linguistics, 2013-06) Sánchez Cisneros, Daniel
The domain of DDI identification is constantly showing a rise of interest from scientific community since it represents a decrease of time and healthcare cost. In this paper we purpose a new approach based on shallow linguistic kernel methods to identify DDIs in biomedical manuscripts. The approach outlines a first step in the usage of semantic information for DDI identification. The system obtained an F1 measure of 0.534.
UC3M system: Determining the Extent, Type and Value of Time Expressions in TempEval-2
(Association for Computational Linguistics, 2010-07) Vicente-Díez, María Teresa; Moreno Schneider, Julián; Martínez Fernández, Paloma
This paper describes the participation of Universidad Carlos III de Madrid in Task A of the TempEval-2 evaluation. The UC3M system was originally developed for the temporal expressions recognition and normalization (TERN task) in Spanish texts, according to the TIDES standard. Current version supposes an almost-total refactoring of the earliest system. Additionally, it has been adapted to the TimeML annotation schema and a considerable effort has been done with the aim of increasing its coverage. It takes a rule-based design both in the identification and the resolution phases. It adopts an inductive approach based on the empirical study of frequency of temporal expressions in Spanish corpora. Detecting the extent of the temporal expressions the system achieved a Precision/Recall of 0.90/0.87 whereas, in determining the TYPE and VALUE of those expressions, system results were 0.91 and 0.83, respectively.
Some Experiments in Evaluating ASR Systems Applied to Multimedia Retrieval
(Springer, 2009-09) Moreno Schneider, Julián; Garrote Salazar, Marta; Martínez Fernández, Paloma; Martínez Fernández, José Luis
This paper describes some tests performed on different types of voice/audio input applying three commercial speech recognition tools. Three multimedia retrieval scenarios are considered: a question answering system, an automatic transcription of audio from video files and a real-time captioning system used in the classroom for deaf students. A software tool, RET (Recognition Evaluation Tool), has been developed to test the output of commercial ASR systems.
Combining Syntactic Information and Domain-Specific Lexical Patterns to Extract Drug-Drug Interactions from Biomedical Texts
(ACM, 2010-10) Segura-Bedmar, Isabel; Martínez Fernández, Paloma; Pablo-Sánchez, César de
A drug-drug interaction (DDI) occurs when one drug influences the level or activity of another drug. The increasing volume of the scientific literature overwhelms health care professionals trying to be kept up-to-date with all published studies on DDI. Information Extraction (IE) techniques can provide an interesting way of reducing the time spent by health care professionals on reviewing the literature. Nevertheless, no approach has been carried out to extract DDI from texts. To the best of our knowledge, this work proposes the first integral solution for the automatic extraction of DDI from biomedical texts.
A Bio-Inspired Algorithm for Searching Relationships in Social Networks
(IEEE - The Institute Of Electrical And Electronics Engineers, Inc, 2011-10) Rivero Espinosa, Jessica; Cuadra Fernández, María Dolores; Calle Gómez, Francisco Javier; Isasi, Pedro
Nowadays the Social Networks are experiencing a growing importance. The reason of this is that they enable the information exchange among people, meeting people in the same field of work or establishing collaborations with other research groups. In order to manage social networks and to find people inside them, they are usually represented as graphs with persons as nodes and relationships between them as edges. Once this is done, establishing contact with anyone involves searching the chain of people to reach him/her, that is, the search of the path inside the graph which joins two nodes. In this paper, a new algorithm based on nature is proposed to realize this search: SoS-ACO (Sense of Smell - Ant Colony Optimization). This algorithm improves the classical ACO algorithm when it is applied in huge graphs.
A Proof-of-Concept for Orthographic Named Entity Correction in Spanish Voice Queries
(Springer, 2012-10) Moreno Schneider, Julián; Martínez Fernández, José Luis; Martínez Fernández, Paloma
Automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems are not able to recognize entities that are not present in its vocabulary. The problem considered in this paper is the misrecognition of named entities in Spanish voice queries introducing a proof-of-concept for named entity correction that provides alternative entities to the ones incorrectly recognized or misrecognized by retrieving entities phonetically similar from a dictionary. This system is domain-dependent, using sports news, especially football news, regardless of the automatic speech recognition system used. The correction process exploits the query structure and its semantic information to detect where a named entity appears. The system finds the most suitable alternative entity from a dictionary previously generated with the existing named entities.
An Illustrated Methodology for Evaluating ASR Systems
(Springer, 2011-07) González, María; Moreno Schneider, Julián; Martínez Fernández, José Luis; Martínez Fernández, Paloma
Automatic speech recognition technology can be integrated in an information retrieval process to allow searching on multimedia contents. But, in order to assure an adequate retrieval performance is necessary to state the quality of the recognition phase, especially in speaker-independent and domainindependent environments. This paper introduces a methodology to accomplish the evaluation of different speech recognition systems in several scenarios considering also the creation of new corpora of different types (broadcast news, interviews, etc.), especially in other languages apart from English that are not widely addressed in speech community.
DDIExtractor: A Web-based Java Tool for Extracting Drug-Drug Interactions from Biomedical Texts
(Springer, 2011-06) Sánchez Cisneros, Daniel; Segura-Bedmar, Isabel; Martínez Fernández, Paloma
A drug-drug interaction (DDIs) occurs when one drug influences the level or activity of another drug. The detection of DDIs is an important research area in patient safety since these interactions can become very dangerous and increase health care costs. Although there are several databases and web tools providing information on DDIs to patients and health-care professionals, these resources are not comprehensive because many DDIs are only reported in the biomedical literature. This paper presents the first tool for detecting drug-drug interactions from biomedical texts called DDIExtractor. The tool allows users to search by keywords in the Medline 2010 baseline database and then detect drugs and DDIs in any retrieved document.
An Approach to User Interface Design of an Accessible User Agent
(Elsevier, 2012-07) González, María; Moreno López, Lourdes; Martínez Fernández, Paloma
The increase in rich and interactive content on the web has allowed the growth of the number and type of users that access them. This implies that such content should be accessible to anyone, including people with disabilities. Therefore, it should be accompanied with media alternatives (captions, audio description), which should be handled by an accessible user agent that provides support for them. This paper presents: 1) an approach with accessibility requirements following standards to include accessibility in a user agent for delivering accessible multimedia content, and based on it, 2) a conceptualization that provides an abstract user interface model with the ability to be integrated into the development process.
Toward an integration of Web accessibility into testing processes
(Elsevier, 2013-11) Sánchez Gordón, Mary Luz; Moreno López, Lourdes
The goal of this paper is to review the literature in order to understand the implications of accessibility testing processes with the objective to detect potential improvements and developments in the field. Thus, a brief review is presented of the fundamental test processes proposed by the International Software Testing Qualification Board (ISTQB) and the currently available literature about testing processes for evaluating the accessibility of web applications. The result of the review reflects an array of proposals to incorporate accessibility requirements and evaluation tools, but they do not describe a comprehensive testing process at each phase of the development lifecycle of accessible web applications.
Accessibility to mobile interfaces for older people
(Elsevier, 2013-11) Díaz Bossini, José Manuel; Moreno López, Lourdes
Accessibility is a major concern in our society nowadays. However, technology is always one step ahead and new devices appear before we can address the accessibility problems for the older ones. People with disabilities are not the only ones that are being excluded by technologies. Indeed, there is an exponential growth of the elderly population that suffers from age-related disabilities. Accessibility issues should be in mind for developers. Unfortunately, addressing these issues is even harder in new devices like mobile phones and tablets where there is not a proper set of guidelines focusing on this domain. This work provides: (1) a set of guidelines to keep in mind in order to achieve accessibility in mobile interfaces for older people. This checklist is the result of a review study of the literature, standards and best practices that are being performed in this area of knowledge, (2) use of this accessibility checklist aimed at elderly people, a survey of three mobile native Apps on android platform has been carried out, these Apps have as aim to modify the default interface for another more accessible one.
Are all Chats suitable for learning purposes? A study of the required characteristics
(Elsevier, 2013-11) Calvo, Rocío; Arbiol, Alberto; Iglesias Maqueda, Ana María
The Chat is being used for more than one decade in learning environments as a useful Computer Supported Collaborative Learning (CSCL)Tool. However, nowadays some students still usually face accessibility barriers when using Chats and, as a result, they cannot learn in the same way as their classmates. Thus, some of the equality principles of education are not accomplished. This paper shows a study of chat's characteristics and analyzes if commercial Chats with general purposes can be used for learning environments in an accessible way. This study has been carried out from the point of view of the Universal Design for Learning (UDL) guidelines 2.0. The study analyzes fifteen commercial chats (desktop, mobile and web chats) and provides some recommendations in order to improve the accessibility of chats in learning environments.
Annotation Issues in Pharmacological Texts
(Elsevier, 2013-03) Herrero Zazo, María; Martínez Fernández, Paloma; Segura-Bedmar, Isabel
Natural language processing of pharmacological texts includes recognition of drug names and extraction of relationships between them. To this purpose, pharmacological annotated corpora are required. These corpora are usually semantically annotated by domain experts. However, other linguistic aspects should be considered to ensure the quality and consistency of the annotation. This paper introduces several linguistic phenomena affecting the annotation of both drug named entities and drug-drug interaction relationships that arose during the annotation process of the DDI corpus. The detailed documentation of these issues and the decisions on them will improve the quality of the annotated corpus and its usefulness for other researchers or users
Accessibility evaluation of Moodle centred in visual impairements
(2011-05-06) Calvo Martín, María del Rocío; Iglesias Maqueda, Ana María; Moreno López, Lourdes
The use of new technologies has been increasing during last years in education. More specifically, the use of e-learning systems provides for students more freedom to learn through Internet when and where they prefer in each moment. However, e-learning tools are not perfect tools. Most of these e-learning tools present accessibility barriers, so not all students are able to use them completely in their studies. The goal of this paper is to evaluate if Moodle e-learning web tool is accessible for visually impaired people using assistive technologies like screen readers. The evaluation has been divided in two main objectives: first, to evaluate Moodle from a user perspective, simulating the interaction of a blind student with the system and using a screen reader; second, to evaluate Moodle from an accessibility expert perspective, analysing if Moodle is in accordance to ATAG and WCAG W3C guidelines.

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