Publication: Thomas Hobbes, sobre la condición natural del hombre y los fundamentos de la obligación política
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2013-06
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Universidad Carlos III de Madrid. Instituto de Derechos Humanos Bartolomé de las Casas; Dykinson
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Abstract
La preferencia que tuvo el filósofo de Malmesbury por la constitución de una
soberanía de carácter absoluto se encontraba estrechamente ligada al espanto
que le produjo ser testigo de las terribles luchas de poder intestinas que desgarraron
al cuerpo político de su país en el siglo XVII. Si hay un hilo conductor
que atraviesa toda la filosofía política de Thomas Hobbes –expresada en sus
obras Elementos de Derecho Natural y Político, De Cive y Leviatán–, éste es el
intento de hacer frente a las dificultades propias que entraña la generación de
cohesión y orden social. Las herramientas utilizadas por este autor para la construcción
de una teoría que responda a dicho objetivo conformarían una ciencia
o filosofía civil que se funda en definiciones y nociones rigurosas. Esta forma
de proceder resulta, de acuerdo con el criterio de Hobbes, indispensable para
alcanzar los avances que otros campos del conocimiento científico habían experimentado
a lo largo de aquellos años.
The preference the Malmesbury’s philosopher had for the constitution of a sovereignty of absolute nature was closely related to the fright he took when witnessing the terrible internal power struggles that torn apart the political body of his country back in the XVII century. If there is a connecting thread that goes through all of Thomas Hobbes’ political philosophy –expressed in his works The Elements of Law, Natural and Politic; On the citizen and Leviathan– such is the attempt to face the distinctive difficulties inherent to the generation of cohesion and social order. The tools used by this author for the construction of a theory in line with that objective would shape a science or civil philosophy based on definitions and strict notions. This way of acting is, according to Hobbes’ criteria, indispensable to reach the progress that other fields of scientific knowledge have made during those years.
The preference the Malmesbury’s philosopher had for the constitution of a sovereignty of absolute nature was closely related to the fright he took when witnessing the terrible internal power struggles that torn apart the political body of his country back in the XVII century. If there is a connecting thread that goes through all of Thomas Hobbes’ political philosophy –expressed in his works The Elements of Law, Natural and Politic; On the citizen and Leviathan– such is the attempt to face the distinctive difficulties inherent to the generation of cohesion and social order. The tools used by this author for the construction of a theory in line with that objective would shape a science or civil philosophy based on definitions and strict notions. This way of acting is, according to Hobbes’ criteria, indispensable to reach the progress that other fields of scientific knowledge have made during those years.
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Keywords
Soberanía, Cuerpo político, Orden social, Filosofía civil, Conocimiento científico, Sovereignty, Political body, Social order, Civil philosophy, Scientific knowledge
Bibliographic citation
Derechos y Libertades: revista de filosofía del derecho y derechos humanos, junio 2013, n. 29, pp. 217-245