Publication: El tratamiento periodístico de la violencia sexual en contra de las mujeres en el marco del conflicto armado colombiano. Análisis de casos según el tipo de violencia, víctimas, victimarios y contextos
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2022
Defense date
2022-09-26
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Abstract
El proceso de paz firmado entre el Estado colombiano y la extinta guerrilla de las
FARC (2016), decretó a la violencia sexual en el marco del conflicto armado, como un
delito de lesa humanidad debido a su sistematicidad y a los graves daños que produce en
sus víctimas. Sin embargo, durante décadasla violencia sexual ha sido vista por el Estado
y la sociedad colombiana como un simple daño colateral de la guerra. Vale la pena
preguntarse: ¿han sido los medios de comunicación y el trabajo periodístico, de alguna
manera, responsables de masificar esta visión tan limitada y revictimizante para las
víctimas y sobrevivientes?
Esta tesis doctoral busca evidenciar aciertos y desaciertos en la labor periodística
al cubrir los casos de violencia sexual en el marco del conflicto armado, con el fin de
generar una serie de recomendaciones de orden diciplinar y metodológico, pero sobre
todo humanas, a favor de un quehacer periodístico que aporte a los procesos de reparación
social a las víctimas y sobrevivientes del delito y contribuya de manera efectiva a su
prevención y erradicación definitiva.
Partiendo del pensamiento feminista que entiende a la violencia sexual como un
discurso de poder que tiene causas y consecuencias sociales y políticas muy profundas,
esta investigación se realizará por medio de la identificación y el análisis de los discursos
usados por la prensa escrita colombiana para hablar de la violencia sexual, del
reconocimiento de los contextos en los que ocurrieron los casos y de diferentes análisis
basados en entrevistas a víctimas y sobrevivientes al igual que a periodistas que trabajan
la problemática.
The peace process signed between the Colombian State and the extinct FARC guerrilla (2016), decreed sexual violence in the framework of the armed conflict as a crime against humanity due to its systematicity and the serious damage it causes to its victims. However, for decades sexual violence has been seen by the State and Colombian society as mere collateral damage of war. It is worth asking whether the media and journalistic work have been somehow responsible for massifying this limited and revictimizing vision for victims and survivors? This doctoral thesis seeks to highlight successes and failures in journalistic work when covering cases of sexual violence in the context of the armed conflict, in order to generate a series of thematic and methodological recommendations, but above all human, in favor of a journalistic work that contributes to the processes of social reparation to the victims and survivors of the crime and contributes effectively to its prevention and final eradication. Based on feminist thinking that understands sexual violence as a discourse of power that has very deep social and political causes and consequences, this research will be carried out through the identification and analysis of the discourses used by the Colombian written press to talk about sexual violence, the recognition of the contexts in which the cases occurred, and different analyses based on interviews with victims and survivors as well as journalists working on the issue.
The peace process signed between the Colombian State and the extinct FARC guerrilla (2016), decreed sexual violence in the framework of the armed conflict as a crime against humanity due to its systematicity and the serious damage it causes to its victims. However, for decades sexual violence has been seen by the State and Colombian society as mere collateral damage of war. It is worth asking whether the media and journalistic work have been somehow responsible for massifying this limited and revictimizing vision for victims and survivors? This doctoral thesis seeks to highlight successes and failures in journalistic work when covering cases of sexual violence in the context of the armed conflict, in order to generate a series of thematic and methodological recommendations, but above all human, in favor of a journalistic work that contributes to the processes of social reparation to the victims and survivors of the crime and contributes effectively to its prevention and final eradication. Based on feminist thinking that understands sexual violence as a discourse of power that has very deep social and political causes and consequences, this research will be carried out through the identification and analysis of the discourses used by the Colombian written press to talk about sexual violence, the recognition of the contexts in which the cases occurred, and different analyses based on interviews with victims and survivors as well as journalists working on the issue.
Description
Mención Internacional en el título de doctor
Keywords
violencia sexual, conflicto armado colombiano, periodismo, discurso de poder, reparación social, víctimas y sobrevivientes, sexual violence, Colombian armed conflict, journalism, power discourse, social reparation, victims and survivors