Publication: Un nuevo entorno de la catalogación. La entidad ítem en el contexto de las RDA y del Modelo de Referencia Bibliotecaria de la IFLA
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2021-07-16
Defense date
2021-05-20
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Abstract
Han transcurrido casi veinte cinco años desde que se inició el camino para establecer un estándar internacional que permitiera modelar de manera efectiva el universo bibliográfico y posibilitara la puesta en marcha de normas para la catalogación de recursos en el entorno digital.
En agosto de 2017 se presentó el Modelo de Referencia Bibliotecaria de la IFLA (Riva, Le Bœuf y Žumer, 2017a), y poco después el RDA Steerling Committee, conocido por sus siglas RSC, anunció su deseo de alinear las instrucciones RDA. Recursos, Descripción y Acceso (JSC, 2010; RSC, 2020) con el modelo conceptual consolidado, proceso que concluyó en diciembre de 2020.
Este contexto de cambios estructurales implica una nueva visión en los flujos de trabajo de los bibliotecarios tanto desde el punto de vista teórico como desde el tecnológico. Esta tesis pretende profundizar en la entidad ítem, uno de los elementos del modelo, para valorar cuales son las principales repercusiones que tiene el nuevo entorno en los catálogos o herramientas de descubrimiento, los servicios a los usuarios y también en las tareas de gestión de las colecciones.
Se parte de la base del establecimiento de un marco teórico que sitúa el punto de inicio y define el marco de actuación. Posteriormente se realiza un análisis global de los metadatos descriptivos y administrativos asociados a los ítems de una muestra de registros de ejemplar de una colección patrimonial que da lugar a la creación de una taxonomía del ítem relacionada con su ciclo de vida.
Posteriormente, se analizan un conjunto de ítems de la misma colección, seleccionados en función de sus características diferenciadoras, a los que se les aplican las normas RDA (JSC, 2010; RSC, 2020) para obtener datos que comparados posibilitan la creación de una herramienta para facilitar la creación de perfiles de aplicación RDA (RSC, 2020) para el ítem.
Se observa que, en este contexto, se abre un amplio margen de mejora, una oportunidad para integrar la gestión de los metadatos en las bibliotecas atendiendo a un enfoque holístico, que integre en el mismo proceso los datos considerados administrativos y de gestión o circulación con los descriptivos para ofrecer nuevos servicios a los usuarios, mejorar las visualizaciones que ofrecen los catálogos y la eficiencia en la gestión de colecciones.
It has been almost twenty-five years since the way to establish an international standard that would model the bibliographic universe, and enable the implementation of standards for cataloging resources for the digital environment, was started. The IFLA’s Library Reference Model (Riva, Le Boeuf y Žumer, 2017) was presented in 2017, and afterward, the RDA Steering Committee, the RSC, announced his desire to align the consolidated conceptual model with the rules RDA: Resources Description and Access. This process was finally completed in December 2020. In this context, characterized by structural changes, a new vision of the library’s workflows, in a theoretical and technological way, is needed. This work aims to go deeper into the Item entity, an element of the model, to assess what are the main repercussions that this new environment may have on catalogs or resource discovery tools, user services and, also on collection management tasks. The starting point is to establish a theoretical framework that sets and defines it. Subsequently, an overall analysis is made on the descriptive and administrative metadata associated with the items in a sample of records from a heritage library collection, to create a taxonomy of the item. After that, a set of items from the same collection, selected according to their differentiating characteristics, were analyzed applying to them the RDA instructions, (RSC, 2020) to elaborate a useful tool to create an RDA (RSC, 2020) item application profiles. A holistic approach was discovered to improve the systems in a wide sense, and a great opportunity to integrate the metadata management systems in libraries. The data considered as administrative and management or circulation data, with the descriptive data to offer new and better services to users, improve the visualizations offered in the catalogs, and promote efficiency in the collection management are integrated into the same process.
It has been almost twenty-five years since the way to establish an international standard that would model the bibliographic universe, and enable the implementation of standards for cataloging resources for the digital environment, was started. The IFLA’s Library Reference Model (Riva, Le Boeuf y Žumer, 2017) was presented in 2017, and afterward, the RDA Steering Committee, the RSC, announced his desire to align the consolidated conceptual model with the rules RDA: Resources Description and Access. This process was finally completed in December 2020. In this context, characterized by structural changes, a new vision of the library’s workflows, in a theoretical and technological way, is needed. This work aims to go deeper into the Item entity, an element of the model, to assess what are the main repercussions that this new environment may have on catalogs or resource discovery tools, user services and, also on collection management tasks. The starting point is to establish a theoretical framework that sets and defines it. Subsequently, an overall analysis is made on the descriptive and administrative metadata associated with the items in a sample of records from a heritage library collection, to create a taxonomy of the item. After that, a set of items from the same collection, selected according to their differentiating characteristics, were analyzed applying to them the RDA instructions, (RSC, 2020) to elaborate a useful tool to create an RDA (RSC, 2020) item application profiles. A holistic approach was discovered to improve the systems in a wide sense, and a great opportunity to integrate the metadata management systems in libraries. The data considered as administrative and management or circulation data, with the descriptive data to offer new and better services to users, improve the visualizations offered in the catalogs, and promote efficiency in the collection management are integrated into the same process.
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Keywords
Ítem, Ejemplar, RDA, IFLA-LRM, Bibframe, Datos abiertos enlazados, Modelos conceptuales bibliotecarios, Descripción bibliográfica, Semántica, Gestión de la colección, Catálogos bibliotecarios, Servicios bibliotecarios, Estrategias de búsqueda, Exemplar, Linked open data, Conceptual Models for bibliographic universe, Bibliographic descriptions, Semantics, Collection management, Library catalogs, Library services, Search strategies