Publication: Estudio de las propiedades materiales de espumas para asientos
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2015-10
Defense date
2015-10-22
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Abstract
El objetivo del presente proyecto es la mejora de la calidad de vida de los conductores profesionales de autobús a partir modelado y simulación de un asiento portátil auxiliar que va acoplado encima del asiento del conductor en el autobús. Dado que con el tiempo, uso y humedad la calidad y el confort de las espumas de los asientos de autobuses disminuyen, se propone aliviar las tensiones sufridas en el cuerpo con una pieza adicional de espuma cuyo diseño y material son seleccionados concretamente para ese fin.
El estudio se basa en las propiedades de las espuma poliuretano, así como en la búsqueda de caracterizaciones del material para su simulación por ordenador, haciendo que el programa de elementos finitos haga un ajuste de las curvas tensión-deformación obtenidas a través de ensayos en el material para así, a través de fórmulas de energía de deformación, obtener un modelo de material para su simulación.
Para ello se pretende modelar el asiento del conductor, el asiento auxiliar, músculo y hueso, hacer un breve resumen de estudios previos acerca de la simulación de las propiedades de la masa muscular y así poder obtener un modelo lo más realista posible por ordenador para el fin propuesto.
Con el fin de realizar el modelado y su simulación, se ha utilizado los programas CREO PARAMETRIC 2.0, para el diseño de las distintas partes del asiento, músculo, huesos y el asiento portátil, y CREO SIMULATE 2.0, para el análisis estructural y estudios de tensión-deformación de la masa muscular, así como de la propia espuma.
The objective of the actual project is to improve the quality of life of professional bus drivers from modelling and simulating a portable bus seat which has to be on the bus driver seat. Because of the time, use and humidity the quality and comfort of the seat foam decreases, it is proposed to relieve the tensions suffer within the driver body with an additional piece of foam which design and material are selected concretely for this aim. The study is based on the properties of the Polyurethane foam, PU foam, as well as the different ways of simulation by a computer, running a finite element program in order to adjust the curve tension-strain obtained through the tests applied on the material so that using formulas of the energy of deformation it could be possible to have a material model for using it in order to simulate and obtain better designs. For this purpose, the driver bus seat, the portable seat, the femur and muscle. This project will include a brief resume of previous studies about the simulation of muscle properties, in order to obtain a realistic simulation for that purpose. The programs used in this study will be CREO PARAMETRIC 2.0, for the design of the different parts of the body and portable seat, and CREO SIMULATE 2.0, for structural analysis and stress-strain studies about the muscle as well as the foam.
The objective of the actual project is to improve the quality of life of professional bus drivers from modelling and simulating a portable bus seat which has to be on the bus driver seat. Because of the time, use and humidity the quality and comfort of the seat foam decreases, it is proposed to relieve the tensions suffer within the driver body with an additional piece of foam which design and material are selected concretely for this aim. The study is based on the properties of the Polyurethane foam, PU foam, as well as the different ways of simulation by a computer, running a finite element program in order to adjust the curve tension-strain obtained through the tests applied on the material so that using formulas of the energy of deformation it could be possible to have a material model for using it in order to simulate and obtain better designs. For this purpose, the driver bus seat, the portable seat, the femur and muscle. This project will include a brief resume of previous studies about the simulation of muscle properties, in order to obtain a realistic simulation for that purpose. The programs used in this study will be CREO PARAMETRIC 2.0, for the design of the different parts of the body and portable seat, and CREO SIMULATE 2.0, for structural analysis and stress-strain studies about the muscle as well as the foam.
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Keywords
Antropometría, Materiales de espuma, Asiento, Autobús, Mecánica de sólidos, Simulación