Publication: Instalación fotovoltaica conectada a red con medición neta de energía en Managua
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2015-10-29
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2015-10-29
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Abstract
El presente documento ilustra el diseño, ejecución y puesta en marcha de un proyecto de energía solar fotovoltaica de cooperación internacional en la ciudad de Managua (Nicaragua).
El proyecto trata de ahondar en las dificultades reales que existen desde el momento en el que se verifica la viabilidad del mismo hasta su finalización y posterior seguimiento para su correcto funcionamiento.
Se pretende conseguir una “guía de buenas y malas prácticas” que sirva de base a futuros cooperantes de cómo una mala utilización de los recursos puede suponer el deterioro o fracaso de un proyecto solidario que en un principio nace para dar servicio y mejorar las condiciones de vida de la comunidad a la que va destinado.
Aunque pueda parecer lo contrario, estas prácticas (en ocasiones malas prácticas) suponen un reto continuo de mejora en la consecución de los objetivos marcados, que si bien en cualquier proyecto son importantes, en este tipo de actuaciones lo son aún más porque interviene un componente humano que se beneficia de las bondades del proyecto.
En concreto, la instalación de energía solar en Nicaragua supone no solo un avance tecnológico y un incremento en la independencia energética del país con respecto a otras energías convencionales que debe comprar a terceros endeudándose, sino que también es una apuesta de futuro por una educación medioambiental limpia, por una concepción de energía renovable comprometida y saludable.
Y supone un cambio en la mentalidad de los jóvenes nicaragüenses que tienen la oportunidad de conservar y poner en valor un país cada vez más deteriorado por la deforestación (“despale”), la explotación de recursos fósiles y el desinterés o la falta de educación cívica que en primera instancia se traduce en calles sucias y llenas de desperdicios plásticos (petróleo), derroche y mal uso de recursos hídricos, o utilización abusiva de aparatos de aire acondicionado (con un elevado consumo energético).
La ejecución de este proyecto ha sido posible gracias a la intervención activa y los acuerdos de colaboración entre la Agencia Española de Cooperación Internacional (AECID), la Universidad Carlos III de Madrid y la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Nicaragua(UNAN).
This paper illustrates the design, implementation and start up of an international solar photovoltaic project of cooperation in the city of Managua (Nicaragua). The project seeks to further understand the real difficulties that exist from the moment that verifies the viability until their completion and subsequent monitoring for its correct operation. The goal is to achieve a "good and bad practices" guide that will serve as a basis for future cooperating in the poor use of resources can serve against the deterioration or failure of a solidarity project in principle is to give service and improve the living conditions of the development community to which it is intended. Although it may seem otherwise, these practices (sometimes “bad practices”) pose a major challenge in the continuous improvement in the achievement of the objectives, which while in any project are important in this type of action, are even more so because it involves a human component that takes advantage of the benefits of the project. In particular, the installation of solar power in Nicaragua, is not only a technological breakthrough or an increase in the independence of the country with respect to other conventional energy sources that must be borrowed from third parties, but it also is a bet in the future for a clean environmental education and a commitment to a healthy life through renewable energy. This leads to a change in the mentality of young Nicaraguans who have the opportunity to preserve and create value in a country increasingly deteriorated by deforestation ( "despale" ), the exploitation of fossil resources and the disinterest or lack of civic education that in first instance translates into dirty streets filled with plastic litter (petroleum), waste and misuse of water resources, and/or over use of air conditioners ( with a high level of energy consumption). The realization of this project has been possible thanks to the active engagement and partnership arrangements between the Spanish Agency for International Cooperation (AECID), the University Carlos III of Madrid and the National Autonomous University of Nicaragua (UNAN).
This paper illustrates the design, implementation and start up of an international solar photovoltaic project of cooperation in the city of Managua (Nicaragua). The project seeks to further understand the real difficulties that exist from the moment that verifies the viability until their completion and subsequent monitoring for its correct operation. The goal is to achieve a "good and bad practices" guide that will serve as a basis for future cooperating in the poor use of resources can serve against the deterioration or failure of a solidarity project in principle is to give service and improve the living conditions of the development community to which it is intended. Although it may seem otherwise, these practices (sometimes “bad practices”) pose a major challenge in the continuous improvement in the achievement of the objectives, which while in any project are important in this type of action, are even more so because it involves a human component that takes advantage of the benefits of the project. In particular, the installation of solar power in Nicaragua, is not only a technological breakthrough or an increase in the independence of the country with respect to other conventional energy sources that must be borrowed from third parties, but it also is a bet in the future for a clean environmental education and a commitment to a healthy life through renewable energy. This leads to a change in the mentality of young Nicaraguans who have the opportunity to preserve and create value in a country increasingly deteriorated by deforestation ( "despale" ), the exploitation of fossil resources and the disinterest or lack of civic education that in first instance translates into dirty streets filled with plastic litter (petroleum), waste and misuse of water resources, and/or over use of air conditioners ( with a high level of energy consumption). The realization of this project has been possible thanks to the active engagement and partnership arrangements between the Spanish Agency for International Cooperation (AECID), the University Carlos III of Madrid and the National Autonomous University of Nicaragua (UNAN).
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Energía solar fotovoltaica, Cooperación internacional, Energías renovables, Proyectos solidarios