Publication: Acondicionamiento del aire interior del edificio de la Fundación O.N.C.E. en Vitoria, Álava
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2014-03-27
Defense date
2014-03-27
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Abstract
El presente proyecto se realiza para exponer y justificar, la instalación de
climatización adoptada en un recinto de la fundación O.N.C.E en Álava, España.
El proyecto comienza con una descripción del recinto: cerrado, de
aproximadamente 600 m2, donde se distribuyen los despachos, la sala de curas, las
salas de formación y el salón de actos, en un total de 16 zonas a climatizar.
El sistema de climatización se ha diseñado teniendo en cuenta las condiciones
climatológicas más desfavorables tanto en verano, como en invierno. Cumple el
Reglamento de Instalaciones Térmicas (en adelante, RITE).
El proyecto prosigue con el análisis de las cargas térmicas para refrigeración y
calefacción, tanto internas (ocupación, uso), como externas (climatología,
características del edificio, coeficientes de transmisión de materiales; orientación).
Para ello se ha empleado el manual Carrier y se emplea el software “Hourly Analysis
Program” (en adelante HAP).
Las zonas a climatizar serán las que tengan una ocupación constante a lo largo
del tiempo, sin considerar entre ellas las zonas de entrada, como recepción. Los aseos
y almacenes no serán climatizados.
Una vez los balances de energía calculados, se realiza una descripción del
sistema adoptado y se diseña y dimensiona la instalación de climatización, eligiendo
los equipos más adecuados y eficaces para el sistema elegido, que se encuentran en
el mercado dentro de la compañía Toshiba. Se ha elegido un sistema de caudal
variable de refrigerante (en adelante VRV) debido a su flexibilidad y eficiencia.
La distribución de aire se ha diseñado siguiendo el método de recuperación
estática, que consiste en reducir o aumentar el diámetro en función del caudal
distribuido, pero manteniendo siempre unos límites de velocidad y pérdidas de carga
aceptables. Los conductos han sido diseñados con el software MC4. El entramado de
tuberías ha sido diseñado siguiendo las mismas directrices que en los conductos,
variando los límites de velocidad y pérdida de carga según la normativa vigente al
respecto.
Se ha elegido el número, tamaño y tipo de difusores y rejillas adecuados en las
estancias, según el caudal máximo que circula por estos elementos, considerando los
alcances necesarios así como niveles de presión sonora adecuados, cumpliendo con
la normativa vigente al respecto.
Se incluyen los pliegos del análisis de los elementos de la instalación, para
mostrar las consideraciones que debe cumplir la ejecución de la instalación en cada
punto del sistema.
Por último se realiza un análisis económico (Presupuesto).
This project is carried out to explain and justify, the climate control system adopted in an O.N.C.E. Foundation premises in Álava, Spain. The project starts with a description of the premises: closed, about 600 m2. Furthermore the building is composed by offices, a treatment room, classrooms, and meeting facilities, counting with a total of 16 areas to climate. The heating, ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC) system is designed taking into account the most unfavorable weather conditions in both summer and winter. This project meets Regulation of Thermal Installation (RITE). The project continues with the analysis of thermal cooling and heating loads, both internal (occupation, use), and external (climate, building characteristics, materials transmission coefficients, orientation). “Carrier air conditioning manual” and the software “Hourly analysis program” (HAP) have been used to calculate these loads. The areas to acclimatize will be those with a constant occupation over time, without consider entrance areas, as the hall. The restroom and the warehouse will not be acclimatized. Once energy balances have been calculated, a description of the adopted sytem is done. Moreover, the climate control instalation is designed and measured choosing the most suitable and efficient equiments for the selected system within the catalogue of the Toshiba Company. In the final design, a system of variable refrigerant flow (VRF) have been choosen due to its flexibility and efficiency. Air distribution is designed according to the static recovery method, which consist in reducing or increasing the diameter according to the flow distributed, but always maintaining a speed limit and acceptable load losses. The ducts are designed with the MC4 software. The piping has been designed following the same instruction used the ducts, modifying speed limits and pressure drop according to prevailing legislation. We have chosen the number, size and type of diffusers and grilles appropriate to each area, depending on the maximum flow through these elements, considering the necessary scope and right sound pressure levels. The specifications of the elements of the installations are included to show the considerations that must comply with the execution of the installation of the system at each point. Finally, an economical analysis (budget)is included.
This project is carried out to explain and justify, the climate control system adopted in an O.N.C.E. Foundation premises in Álava, Spain. The project starts with a description of the premises: closed, about 600 m2. Furthermore the building is composed by offices, a treatment room, classrooms, and meeting facilities, counting with a total of 16 areas to climate. The heating, ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC) system is designed taking into account the most unfavorable weather conditions in both summer and winter. This project meets Regulation of Thermal Installation (RITE). The project continues with the analysis of thermal cooling and heating loads, both internal (occupation, use), and external (climate, building characteristics, materials transmission coefficients, orientation). “Carrier air conditioning manual” and the software “Hourly analysis program” (HAP) have been used to calculate these loads. The areas to acclimatize will be those with a constant occupation over time, without consider entrance areas, as the hall. The restroom and the warehouse will not be acclimatized. Once energy balances have been calculated, a description of the adopted sytem is done. Moreover, the climate control instalation is designed and measured choosing the most suitable and efficient equiments for the selected system within the catalogue of the Toshiba Company. In the final design, a system of variable refrigerant flow (VRF) have been choosen due to its flexibility and efficiency. Air distribution is designed according to the static recovery method, which consist in reducing or increasing the diameter according to the flow distributed, but always maintaining a speed limit and acceptable load losses. The ducts are designed with the MC4 software. The piping has been designed following the same instruction used the ducts, modifying speed limits and pressure drop according to prevailing legislation. We have chosen the number, size and type of diffusers and grilles appropriate to each area, depending on the maximum flow through these elements, considering the necessary scope and right sound pressure levels. The specifications of the elements of the installations are included to show the considerations that must comply with the execution of the installation of the system at each point. Finally, an economical analysis (budget)is included.
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Keywords
Tecnología de la climatización, Reglamento de Instalaciones Térmicas (RITE)