Publication: La sonda Lambda como elemento de control de emisiones
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2011
Defense date
2011-09-14
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Abstract
Los avances tecnológicos desarrollados con el objetivo de optimizar el funcionamiento de los vehículos han sido tremendamente importantes en los últimos años. Su uso cada vez más generalizado y la necesidad de emplear combustibles como la gasolina o el diesel ha dado paso a una época en la que los esfuerzos deben estar en equilibrio entre la mejora mecánica o electrónica y el respeto por el medio ambiente. Los procesos de transformación de los combustibles en productos que en ocasiones son nocivos para el medio ambiente se llevarán a cabo siempre que un motor esté en funcionamiento. Sin embargo cada día está más presente en la sociedad la importancia de que dicha emisión de productos debe ser la menor posible. Entre las diferentes maneras de controlar las emisiones de los vehículos nos centraremos en la sonda lambda. Abordaremos su estructura y funcionamiento, los diferentes tipos existentes así como los modos de trabajo que podemos encontrar en el funcionamiento del motor. Parejo a la existencia de dichas sondas podemos disponer de diferentes tipos de catalizadores que nos ayudan a minimizar los productos enviados a la atmósfera. Para finalizar, trataremos los protocolos OBD los cuales están encaminados al tratamiento de los errores y fallos que se producen en los vehículos automóviles, así como su almacenamiento y facilitación de posterior subsanación. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The technological advances developed in order to optimize the functioning of the vehicles have been amazingly in the last years. Its increasingly widespread use and the need to use fuels as gasoline or diesel has led to a time when efforts should be balanced between mechanical or electronical improving, and the respect for the environment. The processing of fuel products that are sometimes harmful to the environment will happen whenever a motor is running. However, each day is more present in our society the importance that the emission of this products should be as least as possible. Among the different ways to control vehicle emissions we will focus on the lambda Exhaust Gas Oxygen Sensor. We will treat its structure and functioning, the different types and the ways of working that we can find while the engine is running. At the same time, we can have different types of catalysts that help us to minimize the products shipped to the atmosphere. Finally, OBD protocols will be reviewed, whose main objective is treating the errors and failures that motor vehicles suffer and the storage of the main information for a later treatment.
The technological advances developed in order to optimize the functioning of the vehicles have been amazingly in the last years. Its increasingly widespread use and the need to use fuels as gasoline or diesel has led to a time when efforts should be balanced between mechanical or electronical improving, and the respect for the environment. The processing of fuel products that are sometimes harmful to the environment will happen whenever a motor is running. However, each day is more present in our society the importance that the emission of this products should be as least as possible. Among the different ways to control vehicle emissions we will focus on the lambda Exhaust Gas Oxygen Sensor. We will treat its structure and functioning, the different types and the ways of working that we can find while the engine is running. At the same time, we can have different types of catalysts that help us to minimize the products shipped to the atmosphere. Finally, OBD protocols will be reviewed, whose main objective is treating the errors and failures that motor vehicles suffer and the storage of the main information for a later treatment.
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Tecnología automovilística, Contaminantes, Emisiones, Sonda Lambda, Vehículos a motor