Adaptive multiscapes: an up-to-date metaphor to visualize molecular adaptation

Catalan, Pablo; Fernández Arias, Clemente; Cuesta, José A.; Manrubia, Susanna

Publication:
Adaptive multiscapes: an up-to-date metaphor to visualize molecular adaptation

dc.affiliation.dpto	UC3M. Departamento de Matemáticas	es
dc.affiliation.grupoinv	UC3M. Grupo de Investigación: Interdisciplinar de Sistemas Complejos (GISC)	es
dc.contributor.author	Catalan, Pablo
dc.contributor.author	Fernández Arias, Clemente
dc.contributor.author	Cuesta, José A.
dc.contributor.author	Manrubia, Susanna
dc.contributor.funder	Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España)	es
dc.date.accessioned	2019-07-12T10:26:59Z
dc.date.available	2019-07-12T10:26:59Z
dc.date.issued	2017-02-28
dc.description.abstract	Wright's metaphor of the fitness landscape has shaped and conditioned our view of the adaptation of populations for almost a century. Since its inception, and including criticism raised by Wright himself, the concept has been surrounded by controversy. Among others, the debate stems from the intrinsic difficulty to capture important features of the space of genotypes, such as its high dimensionality or the existence of abundant ridges, in a visually appealing two-dimensional picture. Two additional currently widespread observations come to further constrain the applicability of the original metaphor: the very skewed distribution of phenotype sizes (which may actively prevent, due to entropic effects, the achievement of fitness maxima), and functional promiscuity (i.e. the existence of secondary functions which entail partial adaptation to environments never encountered before by the population). Results: Here we revise some of the shortcomings of the fitness landscape metaphor and propose a new "scape" formed by interconnected layers, each layer containing the phenotypes viable in a given environment. Different phenotypes within a layer are accessible through mutations with selective value, while neutral mutations cause displacements of populations within a phenotype. A different environment is represented as a separated layer, where phenotypes may have new fitness values, other phenotypes may be viable, and the same genotype may yield a different phenotype, representing genotypic promiscuity. This scenario explicitly includes the many-to-many structure of the genotype-to-phenotype map. A number of empirical observations regarding the adaptation of populations in the light of adaptive multiscapes are reviewed. Conclusions: Several shortcomings of Wright's visualization of fitness landscapes can be overcome through adaptive multiscapes.	en
dc.description.sponsorship	This work was supported by the Spanish projects ViralESS (FIS2014-57686-P, MINECO) and FIS2015-64349-P (MINECO/FEDER, UE). The funding body did not have any role in the design of the study and collection, analysis, and interpretation of data, and did not contribute to writing the manuscript.	en
dc.format.extent	15
dc.identifier.bibliographicCitation	Catalán, P., Arias, C. F., Cuesta, J. A. y Manrubia, S.(2017). Adaptive multiscapes: an up-to-date metaphor to visualize molecular adaptation. Biology Direct,12(7).	en
dc.identifier.doi	https://doi.org/10.1186/s13062-017-0178-1
dc.identifier.issn	1745-6150
dc.identifier.publicationfirstpage	1
dc.identifier.publicationissue	7
dc.identifier.publicationlastpage	15
dc.identifier.publicationtitle	Biology Direct	en
dc.identifier.publicationvolume	12
dc.identifier.uri	https://hdl.handle.net/10016/28590
dc.identifier.uxxi	AR/0000019507
dc.language.iso	eng	en
dc.publisher	BioMed Central	en
dc.relation.projectID	Gobierno de España. FIS2014-57686-P	es
dc.relation.projectID	Gobierno de España. FIS2015-64349-P	es
dc.rights	© The Author(s) 2017.	en
dc.rights	Atribución 3.0 España	*
dc.rights.accessRights	open access	en
dc.rights.uri	http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/es/	*
dc.subject.eciencia	Matemáticas	es
dc.subject.other	Adaptive landscape	en
dc.subject.other	Genotype-phenotype map	en
dc.subject.other	Neutral networks	en
dc.subject.other	Functional promiscuity	en
dc.subject.other	Phenotype size	en
dc.subject.other	Environment	en
dc.title	Adaptive multiscapes: an up-to-date metaphor to visualize molecular adaptation	en
dc.type	research article	*
dc.type.hasVersion	VoR	*
dspace.entity.type	Publication