Publication: COVID-19 en portada: radiografía ética de la cobertura fotográfica de la pandemia en España
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2020
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Asociación Española de Comunicación Sanitaria
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Abstract
Introducción: La cobertura informativa de las emergencias sanitarias se enfrenta a la tentación de sucumbir
al alarmismo y el morbo. Objetivos: El propósito de la investigación fue valorar el grado de cumplimiento
de los principios éticos del periodismo en la información sobre la COVID-19 en las portadas de la prensa
española. Metodología: Análisis de contenido de las fotografías de portadas (n=344), publicadas entre el 1
de enero y el 15 de abril de 2020 (n=608) en periódicos de información general (n=6) cuya difusión abarca el
43,9% del número total de lectores diarios. Resultados: El 3,5% de imágenes cuestionó o vulneró preceptos
deontológicos, en especial con relación al derecho a la intimidad y a la propia imagen. La cobertura resultó
apropiada dado que no fueron significativas las violaciones en torno al dolor y sufrimiento, el alarmismo, la
presunción de inocencia, la seguridad o la presión política. Conclusiones: El despliegue gráfico resultó
contenido, respetuoso y se optó por amplias instantáneas metafóricas. Los mecanismos de protección frente
a la pandemia —equipos de protección individual (EPI), mascarillas o gafas— dificultaban con frecuencia el
reconocimiento de los protagonistas. Además, se recurrió con profusión al pixelado del rostro para impedir la
identificación personal.
Introduction: The news coverage of health emergencies faces the temptation to give in to alarmism and morbid curiosity. Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess the degree of compliance with the ethical principles of journalism in the COVID-19 information on the front pages of the Spanish newspapers. Methodology: Content analysis of the photos on the front pages (n=344), published between January 1 and April 15, 2020 (n=608) in general information newspapers (n=6), regional and national, that amount the 43.9% of the Spanish daily readers. Results: 3.5% of images questioned or violate precepts contained in ethical codes, especially in relation to the right to privacy and the right to one’s own image. Violations around pain and suffering, alarmism, the presumption of innocence, security or political pressure are not representative. Conclusion: The photographic display was restrained, respectful and opted for extensive metaphorical snapshots. Protection mechanisms against the pandemic —personal protection equipment (PPE), masks or glasses— frequently made it difficult to recognize the protagonists. In addition, pixelated of the face was used extensively to prevent personal identification.
Introduction: The news coverage of health emergencies faces the temptation to give in to alarmism and morbid curiosity. Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess the degree of compliance with the ethical principles of journalism in the COVID-19 information on the front pages of the Spanish newspapers. Methodology: Content analysis of the photos on the front pages (n=344), published between January 1 and April 15, 2020 (n=608) in general information newspapers (n=6), regional and national, that amount the 43.9% of the Spanish daily readers. Results: 3.5% of images questioned or violate precepts contained in ethical codes, especially in relation to the right to privacy and the right to one’s own image. Violations around pain and suffering, alarmism, the presumption of innocence, security or political pressure are not representative. Conclusion: The photographic display was restrained, respectful and opted for extensive metaphorical snapshots. Protection mechanisms against the pandemic —personal protection equipment (PPE), masks or glasses— frequently made it difficult to recognize the protagonists. In addition, pixelated of the face was used extensively to prevent personal identification.
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Covid-19, Deontología Periodística, Fotografía, Portadas, Prensa, España, Media Ethics, Photo Journalism, Front Page, Press, Spain
Bibliographic citation
Revista Española de Comunicación en Salud, Suplemento 1 (2020), pp. 42-58