Publication: La crisis gremial y los problemas de la sedería valenciana (ss. XVIII-XIX)
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1992
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Alianza Editorial : Centro de Estudios Constitucionales (España)
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La reforma del sistema gremial alcanza una de sus medidas más radicales
con la abolición de los gremios de torcedores de seda en 1793. En estas páginas
se analiza la medida abolicionista en el marco general de los problemas de la
sedería valenciana. En la misma, la hilatura, de la que el torcido es su fase
superior y última, había llegado a constituirse en un cuello de botella que
comprometía su futuro. En los años aquí contemplados, se proponen y ensayan
diversas alternativas que solucionen las disfunciones que generaba la peculiar
división del trabajo que obraba en la sedería. La no implicación del capital
comercial de la ciudad en la necesaria reconversión de la hilatura será un factor
capital para explicar el fracaso de las acciones encaminadas a proporcionar a los
telares hilos abundantes, baratos y de buena calidad. A su vez, la ausencia de
reordenación del hilado es una de las razones que explican que, finalmente, sea
la propia burguesía comercial la que se manifieste totalmente en contra de la
medida antigremial decretada desde la Corte.
The reform of the craft guild system in Spain, encouraged by the enlightened reformism of the second half of the eighteenth century, reached one of its most radical moments with the abolition of the Guild of Sílk Throwsters in 1793. In this essay we look into the effects and reactions that this measure unleashed inside the important silk sector in the city of Valencia. Spinning, whose last and most skilled stage was throwing, had become a bottle-neck which put in jeopardy the future of an economic activity of vital importance for the urban population and economy. The abolition of this guild had the twofold effect of bringing to light the deep-seated troubles which were plaguing work organization ip spinning, and disclosing the complex position of merchant capital in the silk trade. Valencian commercial bourgeoisie did not get involved in the much-needed reconversión of spinning. This is an essential factor to explain the failure of all thíe measures designed to provide the milis with cheap, good-quality yarn in large quantities. Furthermore, the absence of a restructuring of spinning is one of the reasons which accounts fof the fact that the commercial bourgeoisie itself ended up maintaining a frontal opposition to this anti-guild decree issued by the Royal Court.
The reform of the craft guild system in Spain, encouraged by the enlightened reformism of the second half of the eighteenth century, reached one of its most radical moments with the abolition of the Guild of Sílk Throwsters in 1793. In this essay we look into the effects and reactions that this measure unleashed inside the important silk sector in the city of Valencia. Spinning, whose last and most skilled stage was throwing, had become a bottle-neck which put in jeopardy the future of an economic activity of vital importance for the urban population and economy. The abolition of this guild had the twofold effect of bringing to light the deep-seated troubles which were plaguing work organization ip spinning, and disclosing the complex position of merchant capital in the silk trade. Valencian commercial bourgeoisie did not get involved in the much-needed reconversión of spinning. This is an essential factor to explain the failure of all thíe measures designed to provide the milis with cheap, good-quality yarn in large quantities. Furthermore, the absence of a restructuring of spinning is one of the reasons which accounts fof the fact that the commercial bourgeoisie itself ended up maintaining a frontal opposition to this anti-guild decree issued by the Royal Court.
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Editada en la Universidad Carlos III
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Revista de Historia Económica Año X Invierno 1992 n. 1 pp. 39--61