Publication: Diseño de instalación solar térmica multipropósito para un restaurante en Las Rozas (Madrid)
Loading...
Identifiers
Publication date
2012-11
Defense date
2012-11-29
Authors
Advisors
Tutors
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Impact
Export
Abstract
Este proyecto consiste en el diseño de una instalación solar térmica para tres propósitos. Se va a abastecer parcialmente de Agua Caliente Sanitaria (ACS), Calefacción y Refrigeración en un restaurante de comida rápida situado en la localidad de Las Rozas. Con ayuda de una caldera de apoyo se va a abastecer la demanda total. Para el diseño de la instalación se han cumplido las normativas del Código Técnico de la Edificación (CTE) en materia de ACS, el cual establece unos niveles mínimos de contribución solar para ACS en edificios de nueva construcción y rehabilitación. El restaurante consta de 336,42 m2 de superficie en una planta baja, disponiendo de una cubierta con una superficie de más de 700 m2 para la colocación de los colectores solares. Para ver las diferentes alternativas en el diseño de una instalación se han realizado 2 estudios diferentes. El primero, una instalación de ACS exclusivamente compuesta por 46,62 m2 de colectores solares y una segunda instalación de calefacción y refrigeración compuesta por 88,80 m2 de captadores solares además de la instalación de ACS, por lo que la instalación conjunta de ACS, calefacción y refrigeración está compuesta por 135,42 m2 de captadores solares. En la instalación de refrigeración se va a utilizar una máquina de absorción, por lo que se necesitarán temperaturas más altas de las que se necesitarían para una instalación de ACS habitual, con lo que se van a utilizar tubos de vacío en lugar de colectores planos. Primero se ha calculado la demanda de ACS requerida para nuestro restaurante siguiendo los requisitos del CTE. También se han calculado las cargas térmicas requeridas para la calefacción y refrigeración. Posteriormente se ha diseñado cada instalación con sus componentes y sistemas de apoyo necesarios para la satisfacción total de las demandas de ACS, calefacción y refrigeración. Para analizar más en profundidad la inclinación de los colectores solares, se ha realizado un pequeño análisis de dos inclinaciones diferentes para elegir la más apropiada a las necesidades requeridas. Otro aspecto que se ha tenido en cuenta son las pérdidas de calor tanto en las tuberías expuestas en el exterior como en el tanque de almacenamiento, ya que son los dos aspectos más importantes de pérdidas de calor en esta instalación. Se ha realizado un estudio del impacto ambiental de cada instalación con el cálculo de emisiones de CO2. Además, se ha realizado un estudio económico de cada instalación calculando los costes iniciales, como los de mantenimiento, ahorro de combustible y emisiones ahorradas al realizar esta instalación. Para finalizar, se han expuesto las conclusiones del estudio realizado, analizando la rentabilidad de cada una de las instalaciones, así como las líneas de análisis futuras. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The aim of this project is to design a thermal solar installation with three purposes. This installation will be able to supply of sanitary hot water (ACS), heating and air-conditioning for a fast food restaurant located in Las Rozas. The total necessity will be supply with a extra boiler. During the execution of this Project it has been necessary to follow the belonging regulations of the Spanish Building Technical Code (CTE) about sanitary hot water (HSW). This Code establishes the minimum levels of solar contributions for this kind of sanitary hot water (HSW) in new buildings and restorations. The restaurant is located on the ground floor which one is about 336,42 m2 and the roof could be used for locating the solar collectors which one is more 700 m2. To provide the different alternatives of design, two different configurations are studied. The first one is a sanitary hot water (HSW) installation exclusively composed of 46,62 m2 of solar collectors. The second one is a heating and air-conditioning installation composed of 88,80 m2 of solar collectors with HSW, which composed of 135,42 m2 of solar collectors. An absorption chiller is used for the air-conditioning installation. Higher temperatures are needed because of the use of the absorption chiller than the necessary using a sanitary hot water (HSW) installation. For these reason vacuum-pipelines are used instead of flat collectors. First it has been calculate the necessary sanitary hot water (HSW) for our restaurant following the regulations of the Spanish Building Technical Code (CTE). The thermal charges needed are been calculated too for heating and air-conditioning. Then it has been designed each one of the installations with all the necessary and support systems to supply the total needed demand of sanitary hot water, heating and air-conditioning. To get a deeper analysis of the inclination of the solar collectors, it has been done a quick study of two different inclinations for to choose which one is the most appropriated for requirements. Other aspects has been keep in mind are the waste of heat produced along the pipes exposed in the exterior and the storage tank, because these are two of the most important points of the waste of heat in the installation. It has been calculated the environmental impact of each one of the installations with the CO2 emission levels. Also it has been done an economic analysis of each one of the installations, calculating initials costs, maintenance costs and fuel and emissions savings. Finally, it has been show some conclusions of the study. In this section will be calculated the profitability of each one of the installations and futures lines of analysis.
The aim of this project is to design a thermal solar installation with three purposes. This installation will be able to supply of sanitary hot water (ACS), heating and air-conditioning for a fast food restaurant located in Las Rozas. The total necessity will be supply with a extra boiler. During the execution of this Project it has been necessary to follow the belonging regulations of the Spanish Building Technical Code (CTE) about sanitary hot water (HSW). This Code establishes the minimum levels of solar contributions for this kind of sanitary hot water (HSW) in new buildings and restorations. The restaurant is located on the ground floor which one is about 336,42 m2 and the roof could be used for locating the solar collectors which one is more 700 m2. To provide the different alternatives of design, two different configurations are studied. The first one is a sanitary hot water (HSW) installation exclusively composed of 46,62 m2 of solar collectors. The second one is a heating and air-conditioning installation composed of 88,80 m2 of solar collectors with HSW, which composed of 135,42 m2 of solar collectors. An absorption chiller is used for the air-conditioning installation. Higher temperatures are needed because of the use of the absorption chiller than the necessary using a sanitary hot water (HSW) installation. For these reason vacuum-pipelines are used instead of flat collectors. First it has been calculate the necessary sanitary hot water (HSW) for our restaurant following the regulations of the Spanish Building Technical Code (CTE). The thermal charges needed are been calculated too for heating and air-conditioning. Then it has been designed each one of the installations with all the necessary and support systems to supply the total needed demand of sanitary hot water, heating and air-conditioning. To get a deeper analysis of the inclination of the solar collectors, it has been done a quick study of two different inclinations for to choose which one is the most appropriated for requirements. Other aspects has been keep in mind are the waste of heat produced along the pipes exposed in the exterior and the storage tank, because these are two of the most important points of the waste of heat in the installation. It has been calculated the environmental impact of each one of the installations with the CO2 emission levels. Also it has been done an economic analysis of each one of the installations, calculating initials costs, maintenance costs and fuel and emissions savings. Finally, it has been show some conclusions of the study. In this section will be calculated the profitability of each one of the installations and futures lines of analysis.
Description
Keywords
Energía solar, Agua caliente sanitaria, Instalaciones solares térmicas, Tecnología de la climatización, Calefacción, Edificios públicos