Publication: Juntar erarios y montes de piedad: un arbitrio barroco ante las Cortes de Castilla
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1996
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Alianza Editorial : Centro de Estudios Constitucionales (España)
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Las dificultades financieras de la Corona española en el Siglo de Oro favorecieron la propuesta de emparejar los ya conocidos montes de piedad con unos nuevos «erarios públicos», que facilitarían fondos a la Corona y a los particulares sin caer en la práctica nefanda de la usura, contratando a censo y no a préstamo. Las Cortes de Castilla comenzaron apadrinando el proyecto, pero lo hundieron para evitar que el Conde Duque de Olivares lo convirtiese en un instrumento de recaudación coactiva de la Hacienda. Queda patente que las Cortes de Castilla mantenían sus poderes de resistencia un siglo después de la derrota de Villalar. Por eso, los memoriales de los arbitristas no eran dirigidos sólo al Rey y sus ministros, sino también a las Cortes, que reflejaban una opinión pública muy viva y sensible. El análisis del contrato de censo, con el que se evitaba la condena teológica de la usura, ayuda a trazar la lenta penetración del espíritu capitalista en la España barroca.
Given the financial difficulties of the Spanish Crown in the 17th century, a willing ear was turned to proposals for combining Italian type Monti di Pietà with Crown chartered erarios, to finance both the Crown and private borrowers: nefarious usury was avoided by granting loans under the guise of a mortgage or lien. The Cortes of Castille favoured the project, but later scuppered it to stop the Count Duke of Olivares from using it as a taxing device. The study makes it clear that the Cortes kept their powers of resistance for a century after the rout of the Comuneros at Villalar: hence the abundance of projects addressed to the Cortes and a lively and sensitive public opinion, beside those addressed to the King and his ministers. The analysis of loans granted under mortgages and liens helps map the slow progress of the spirit of capitalism in baroque Spain.
Given the financial difficulties of the Spanish Crown in the 17th century, a willing ear was turned to proposals for combining Italian type Monti di Pietà with Crown chartered erarios, to finance both the Crown and private borrowers: nefarious usury was avoided by granting loans under the guise of a mortgage or lien. The Cortes of Castille favoured the project, but later scuppered it to stop the Count Duke of Olivares from using it as a taxing device. The study makes it clear that the Cortes kept their powers of resistance for a century after the rout of the Comuneros at Villalar: hence the abundance of projects addressed to the Cortes and a lively and sensitive public opinion, beside those addressed to the King and his ministers. The analysis of loans granted under mortgages and liens helps map the slow progress of the spirit of capitalism in baroque Spain.
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Editada en la Fundación Empresa Pública
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Revista de Historia Económica Año XIV Invierno 1996 n. 1 pp. 53--90