Publication: Grupos empresariales, marco institucional y desarrollo económico en España en el siglo XX: los negocios de la familia Aznar, 1937-1983
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2002
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Marcial Pons : Centro de Estudios Constitucionales : Fundación Fomento de la Historia Económica
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Abstract
Este trabajo ofrece los primeros resultados de un proyecto de investigación que intenta analizar las relaciones entre los grupos empresariales, el marco institucional y el desarrollo económico en España en el siglo XX a partir de una perspectiva microeconómica, un análisis histórico-institucional comparado y unas fuentes de naturaleza privada. A partir del estudio de los negocios de la familia Aznar desde 1937, fecha en la que se hace con el control de las empresas del anterior grupo Sota y Aznar, hasta 1983, cuando se produce la quiebra de la empresa más importante del grupo, la Naviera Aznar, se hará hincapié, sobre todo, en las consecuencias que una organización industrial basada en grupos empresariales y un marco institucional caracterizado por el intervencionismo extremo y la discrecionalidad del Estado tuvo sobre las capacidades y la competitividad de las empresas y las industrias y, por extensión, sobre el modelo de desarrollo económico de España durante el franquismo y la transición.
This article shows the first results of a research project that attempts to analyse the relations between the business groups, the institutional framework and the economic development in 20th century Spain. It employs a microeconomic perspective, a historical-institutional analysis and private archival sources. The article focuses on the businesses of the Aznar family from 1937 (when they took over the management of the firms that formerly belonged to the Sota and Aznar group) to 1983 (when Naviera Aznar, the most important firm of the group, broke out and ceased business). Out of this empirical evidence, the article tries to underline the consequences that an industrial organization based on business groups and on an institutional framework characterized by the State's extreme interventionism and discretionality had on the capabilities and the competitiveness of Spanish firms and industries, and, by extension, on the economic development of Spain during the Franco's regime and the first Governments of the transition to democracy.
This article shows the first results of a research project that attempts to analyse the relations between the business groups, the institutional framework and the economic development in 20th century Spain. It employs a microeconomic perspective, a historical-institutional analysis and private archival sources. The article focuses on the businesses of the Aznar family from 1937 (when they took over the management of the firms that formerly belonged to the Sota and Aznar group) to 1983 (when Naviera Aznar, the most important firm of the group, broke out and ceased business). Out of this empirical evidence, the article tries to underline the consequences that an industrial organization based on business groups and on an institutional framework characterized by the State's extreme interventionism and discretionality had on the capabilities and the competitiveness of Spanish firms and industries, and, by extension, on the economic development of Spain during the Franco's regime and the first Governments of the transition to democracy.
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Revista de Historia Económica Año XX Otoño-Invierno 2002 n. 3 pp. 577--624