Publication: Real wages inequality and globalization in Latin America before 1940
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1999
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Marcial Pons : Centro de Estudios Constitucionales
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Abstract
Hacia 1914 existían notables diferencias económicas entre los países del
Cono Sur y Cuba y el resto de América Latina. El artículo indaga las razones
de estas diferencias, cuando aparecieron, así como la distancia existente entre
los países latinoamericanos, los de la cuenca mediterránea y el líder industrial.
Se ocupa de examinar el papel que desempeñaron las fuerzas demográficas,
la localización geográfica y el grado de globalización e integración económica.
El trabajo utiliza nuevos datos de salarios reales y precios relativos de los
factores de siete países latinoamericanos y de tres regiones mediterráneas.
Estos datos se comparan con la información disponible para Gran Bretaña
y los Estados Unidos.
By 1914, there were huge economic gaps between the Soutbem Cone plus Cuba and the rest of Latin America. Can they be explained by the varying ability of these countries to exploit the first great globalization boom afier about 1870? Or did the gaps appear much earlier? And what about the gaps between Latin America and the Mediterranean, let alone with industrial leaders like Britain? What role did geographic isolation, globalization and demographic forces play in the process? Conventional GDP estimates are much too coarse to confront these questions. This essay uses a new data base on real wages and relative factor prices for seven Latin American and three Mediterranean regions, the latter being a source of so many of immigrants for the former. These ten regions, plus comparative information firom Britain and the United States, form the data base for the paper.
By 1914, there were huge economic gaps between the Soutbem Cone plus Cuba and the rest of Latin America. Can they be explained by the varying ability of these countries to exploit the first great globalization boom afier about 1870? Or did the gaps appear much earlier? And what about the gaps between Latin America and the Mediterranean, let alone with industrial leaders like Britain? What role did geographic isolation, globalization and demographic forces play in the process? Conventional GDP estimates are much too coarse to confront these questions. This essay uses a new data base on real wages and relative factor prices for seven Latin American and three Mediterranean regions, the latter being a source of so many of immigrants for the former. These ten regions, plus comparative information firom Britain and the United States, form the data base for the paper.
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La Historia Económica en Latinoamérica. Edición a cargo de Pablo Martín Aceña, Adolfo Meisel, Carlos Newland.
Editada en la Fundación Empresa Pública
Editada en la Fundación Empresa Pública
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Revista de Historia Económica Año XVII 1999 Especial pp. 101--142