Publication:
Blue Victors & Red Losers. Returned Spaniards from the Soviet Union

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2018-06-30
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Ediciones Complutense
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The topic of Spanish Civil War refugees in the Soviet Union has been dealt with at length in scholarly literature. Previously published studies include eye-witness memoirs, oral testimonies, and essays, but to date nothing has been published on the media approach to those refugees. In the framework of a crucial historical moment that marked the end of the country's isolation under Franco, news treatment of those refugees' repatriation played a key role in the shaping of public opinion, their narrative abiding by the social platitudes and stereotypes of those years. Based on Spanish and international press reporting on this historical episode, this article constitutes the first piece of research analysing the language and the visuals in various newspapers of the 1950s, both quantitatively and qualitatively. Using the length of the news coverage as an objective indicator, we have measured the degree of relevance the event was given. Through this analysis we have confirmed that the informative treatment was not adequate; the return of the antiCommunist ex-combatants in the Division Azul was exalted, while other returning expeditions of refugees were clearly discriminated.
Durante los años cincuenta tuvo lugar un tipo peculiar de re-emigración a España procedente de la Unión Soviética. El colectivo de repatriados era muy heterogéneo; los primeros en llegar fueron los miembros de la División Azul anticomunistas prisioneros en los campos soviéticos y pocos años más tarde algunos de los tres mil niños enviados durante la Guerra civil junto a adultos muy comprometidos con las ideas de izquierda, los Rojos. El tratamiento de las noticias de su llegada a España muestra grandes diferencias dependiendo del colectivo al que se pertenecía, discriminando de forma clara a los que llegaron en las últimas expediciones. El estudio, primero en su género analiza las noticias aparecidas en la prensa de la época nacional e internacional, las emisiones de Radio Moscú y documentos de archivo y bibliografía y como éstas influenciaron en el imaginario colectivo de la de la época.
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Exile, Return, Exilio, Retornos, Guerra Fría, Spanish civil war, Spaniards in the soviet union, Cold war, Guerra civil española, Españoles en la unión soviética
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Colomina Limonero, I. (2018). Blue Victors & Red Loser. returned Spaniards from the Soviet Union. Historia Y Comunicacion Social, 23(1), 23-32. https://doi.org/10.5209/hics.59830