Publication: Localización de objetos utilizando tecnología Zigbee. Parte II
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2014-05
Defense date
2014-05-26
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Abstract
La electrónica es, sin duda, una de las ramas de la tecnología que más ha avanzado en los últimos años. Circuitos integrados cada vez más económicos y sencillos de fabricar junto con nuevas líneas de investigación hacen que el desarrollo de proyectos en esta rama de la ingeniería sea algo fácil y lleno de recursos y posibilidades. Este proyecto se centra en el estudio de las WSN (Wireless Sensor Networks, Redes Inalámbricas de Sensores), y cómo utilizarlas para resolver un problema concreto. Típicamente éstas son redes centralizadas en las que una estación base o nodo central recoge información de su entorno a través de nodos sensores. A pesar de que el objetivo de este proyecto no es monitorizar el entorno, tras un estudio y comparación con otras tecnologías de comunicación inalámbrica (redes Bluetooth o Wifi) encontramos que las WSN son las que más se adecúan a nuestras necesidades. Éste tema se trata con más profundidad en la primera parte del proyecto. Este proyecto se divide en dos partes, la primera parte, realizada por Miguel Castán, presenta todo el estudio teórico relacionado con las WSN comparando las motas y los protocolos de comunicación existentes, para poder elegir los más convenientes, y terminando con un enfoque práctico diseñando un protocolo que se adecúe a las necesidades específicas del proyecto. Esta segunda parte trata todo lo relativo a la programación y la electrónica de las motas utilizadas; estudio y comparación de los diferentes entornos de desarrollo disponibles para este tipo de aplicaciones, y, finalmente, el planteamiento del problema y su resolución mediante 3 aplicaciones programadas en distintos lenguajes que permiten la interacción usuario-nodo central-nodo sensor.
Nowadays electronic technology is one of the most developing technological fields. Integrated circuits getting cheaper and easier to build make development of projects in this field something easy and full of resources and possibilities. This project is focused in the study of WSN (Wireless Sensor Networks) and how they can be used to solve a given problem. These are typically centralized networks in which a base station or central node collects information from its environment through sensor nodes. Although the aim of this project is not monitoring the environment, after a deep study and comparison among other similar wireless communication technologies (Bluetooth networks, Wifi) we found that WSN are the ones that best fit to our needs. This topic is deeply discussed in the first part of the project. The project has been divided in two parts; the first one, headed by Miguel Castán presents the theoretical study related with WSN, comparing different motes and existing communication protocols, to choose the most convenient for us, ending with a practical approach designing a suitable protocol for our needs. The second part presented here involves all the activities related to programming and electronics for the used motes; study and comparison among the different development environments available for this kind of applications, and, finally, the approach to the problem and its resolution through 3 applications written in different languages that allow the interaction between user, central node, and central sensor.
Nowadays electronic technology is one of the most developing technological fields. Integrated circuits getting cheaper and easier to build make development of projects in this field something easy and full of resources and possibilities. This project is focused in the study of WSN (Wireless Sensor Networks) and how they can be used to solve a given problem. These are typically centralized networks in which a base station or central node collects information from its environment through sensor nodes. Although the aim of this project is not monitoring the environment, after a deep study and comparison among other similar wireless communication technologies (Bluetooth networks, Wifi) we found that WSN are the ones that best fit to our needs. This topic is deeply discussed in the first part of the project. The project has been divided in two parts; the first one, headed by Miguel Castán presents the theoretical study related with WSN, comparing different motes and existing communication protocols, to choose the most convenient for us, ending with a practical approach designing a suitable protocol for our needs. The second part presented here involves all the activities related to programming and electronics for the used motes; study and comparison among the different development environments available for this kind of applications, and, finally, the approach to the problem and its resolution through 3 applications written in different languages that allow the interaction between user, central node, and central sensor.
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Keywords
Radiocomunicación, Redes inalámbricas de sensores, WSN (Wireless Sensor Networks), Protocolos de comunicación, Tecnología Zig Bee