Publication: Registro y análisis vibratorio de un eje ferroviario a escala para defectología
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2014
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2014-06-27
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Abstract
El presente proyecto está basado en el análisis vibratorio de dos ejes ferroviarios, a los cuales se les aplicara varios niveles de defecto, concretamente los niveles van a ser 0%, 16%, 33%, 50%, todos ellos respecto del diámetro del eje. Aparte las medidas de vibraciones se realizaran para diferentes velocidades de rotación, 20Hz, 40Hz y 60Hz en un banco de ensayos llamado Rotokit.
Por otro lado, el estudio de vibraciones consistirá, en primer lugar, en la captación de señales en el dominio del tiempo, para posteriormente pasarlas al dominio de la frecuencia. Finalmente para filtrar los datos de las señales de vibración, se realizaran promediados de los mismos, y se aplicara la técnica de bandas de frecuencia a dichas señales. Esto será posible gracias a la utilización de programas editados en Matlab.
Tras el procesamiento de la señal de vibración se representaran conjuntamente en una misma gráfica, en el dominio de la frecuencia, y frente a la PSD acumulada, cuatro señales de vibración correspondientes a cada uno de los posibles niveles de defecto del eje, para una misma velocidad de giro. A través de estas graficas se identificaran patrones repetitivos de conducta de la señal, para un rango determinado de frecuencia.
This project is based on vibration analysis of two rail axes, to which are applied several defect levels, specifically the levels will be 0%, 16%, 33%, 50%, all over the shaft diameter. Other measures will be carried out for different vibration speeds, 20Hz, 40Hz and 60Hz on a test bench called Rotokit. Moreover, the study of vibrations consists, firstly, in the signal acquisition in the time domain, and later transforms them to the frequency domain. Finally, to filtering the vibration signals, there will be averaged thereof, and applies the technique of frequency bands to these signals. This will be possible thanks to the use of edited programs in Matlab. After processing of the vibration signal are plotted together on the same graph, in the frequency domain, and compared to the accumulated PSD, four vibration signals corresponding to each possible defect levels shaft speed for a given of rotation. Through these graphs will identify repetitive patterns of behavior of the signal, for a specific frequency rang.
This project is based on vibration analysis of two rail axes, to which are applied several defect levels, specifically the levels will be 0%, 16%, 33%, 50%, all over the shaft diameter. Other measures will be carried out for different vibration speeds, 20Hz, 40Hz and 60Hz on a test bench called Rotokit. Moreover, the study of vibrations consists, firstly, in the signal acquisition in the time domain, and later transforms them to the frequency domain. Finally, to filtering the vibration signals, there will be averaged thereof, and applies the technique of frequency bands to these signals. This will be possible thanks to the use of edited programs in Matlab. After processing of the vibration signal are plotted together on the same graph, in the frequency domain, and compared to the accumulated PSD, four vibration signals corresponding to each possible defect levels shaft speed for a given of rotation. Through these graphs will identify repetitive patterns of behavior of the signal, for a specific frequency rang.
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Tecnología ferroviaria, Ejes ferroviarios, Mecánica de sólidos, Dinámica ferroviaria, Análisis vibratorio