Publication: Mejora de la planta de tratamiento de aguas residuales en Verín
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2014-07
Defense date
2014-07-17
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Abstract
El objeto de este proyecto es analizar el estado de las instalaciones necesarias
para la depuración de las aguas residuales procedentes del municipio de Verín
(Ourense). El estudio se centrará en el análisis de la situación actual de la
planta existente y las mejoras necesarias en la misma para que su
funcionamiento se ajuste a la normativa actual, minimizando así los riesgos de
seguridad y salud y medioambientales existentes. Además se tratara de
minimizar el volumen de desechos generados por la planta depuradora de
aguas residuales mediante la valorización de los mismos.
En la actualidad la depuradora de aguas residuales de Verín vierte
directamente al Río Támega, afluente del Duero, con un contenido en
contaminantes superior al permitido, provocando graves daños en el
ecosistema de las aguas, así como molestias debidas a los malos olores en los
vecinos de la zona. Estas aguas residuales poseen un alto poder contaminante
debido a su elevada carga de fosfatos, todo ello constituye un problema
medioambiental que ha de ser subsanado mediante un sistema de depuración
eficaz.
Las mejoras estudiadas en este proyecto son aquellas que permiten un
tratamiento de las aguas residuales urbanas, con el fin de llegar a una
eliminación de todos los vertidos producidos, de forma que se consiga el grado
de depuración necesario, hasta cumplir los límites fijados por la Directiva del
Consejo de la Unión Europea, sobre Tratamiento de Aguas Residuales Urbanas
y el aprovechamiento de residuos para reducir el impacto ambiental y
económico derivado de su gestión y depósito en verteros.
El contenido del proyecto de divide en tres partes, en la primera se desarrolla
una introducción y se exponen los conceptos básicos sobre la depuración de
aguas residuales.En la segunda parte se desarrolla el estudio de la situación
actual de la depuradora y se proponen las mejoras necesarias para su correcto
funcionamiento.En la tercera y última parte se realiza el diseño del sistema de
digestión y cogeneración que se implantará en la depuradora para llevar a cabo
la valorización energética de los lodos.
The aim of this project is to analyze the condition of Verin´s waste water treatment facilities. The study will focus on the analysis of the current condition of the existing plant and the necessary improvements on it to suit the current regulations, minimizing the health and safety risks as well as the environmental ones. In addition the volume of waste generated by the wastewater treatment plant shuold be minimized through the valorisation of them. At the present time the wastewater treatment plant directly discharged into the Tamega River, affluent of Duero, containing contaminants that exceed the allowed levels, causing severe damage to the ecosystem of the waters, as well as discomfort caused by odors in the neighboring area. These wastewaters have a high pollutant levels due to its high phosphate load, all these matters give rise to an environmental problem that must be remedied by an effective debugging. The improvements studied in this project are those that allow the correct treatment of urban waste water in order to reach an elimination of all discharges produced so the required trace level is achieved, to fulfill the limits set by the Directive of the European Union on Urban Wastewater Treatment and the utilization of the waste produced to reduce environmental and economic impacts triggered by their management and disposal in landfills. The content of the project is divided into three different parts, the first one develops the basic concepts of wastewater treatment. In the second part of the study, it´s a review of the current status of the current wastewater treatment plant.Therein the problems found in the treatment plant are discussed and the necessary improvements for proper operation are proposed. In the third and last part we design a co-digestion system that could be implemented in the treatment plant to perform energy recovery from sludge.
The aim of this project is to analyze the condition of Verin´s waste water treatment facilities. The study will focus on the analysis of the current condition of the existing plant and the necessary improvements on it to suit the current regulations, minimizing the health and safety risks as well as the environmental ones. In addition the volume of waste generated by the wastewater treatment plant shuold be minimized through the valorisation of them. At the present time the wastewater treatment plant directly discharged into the Tamega River, affluent of Duero, containing contaminants that exceed the allowed levels, causing severe damage to the ecosystem of the waters, as well as discomfort caused by odors in the neighboring area. These wastewaters have a high pollutant levels due to its high phosphate load, all these matters give rise to an environmental problem that must be remedied by an effective debugging. The improvements studied in this project are those that allow the correct treatment of urban waste water in order to reach an elimination of all discharges produced so the required trace level is achieved, to fulfill the limits set by the Directive of the European Union on Urban Wastewater Treatment and the utilization of the waste produced to reduce environmental and economic impacts triggered by their management and disposal in landfills. The content of the project is divided into three different parts, the first one develops the basic concepts of wastewater treatment. In the second part of the study, it´s a review of the current status of the current wastewater treatment plant.Therein the problems found in the treatment plant are discussed and the necessary improvements for proper operation are proposed. In the third and last part we design a co-digestion system that could be implemented in the treatment plant to perform energy recovery from sludge.
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Keywords
Tratamiento de agua, Aguas residuales, Química física, Sistema de cogeneración