Publication: Conectando los vehículos a Internet en el sistema de transporte inteligente estandarizado por el ETSI
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2014-07
Defense date
2014-10-06
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Abstract
Las redes vehiculares o Vehicular Ad hoc NETworks (VANETs) están consideradas como la tecnología más apropiada para proporcionar a los vehículos capacidades de comunicación que se pueden aplicar a la mejora de la seguridad vial. Además, las VANETs también abren la puerta del mercado a aplicaciones no relacionadas con la seguridad vial entre las que destaca la conectividad a Internet. El acceso a Internet desde las VANETs se puede proporcionar a través de puertas de enlace situadas al borde de la carretera de manera que los vehículos cambian su punto de conexión
a Internet al moverse. Esto permite a los conductores y pasajeros utilizar servicios comunes de Internet y nuevas aplicaciones que estén especialmente orientadas para ellos, como por ejemplo las aplicaciones para mejorar la eficiencia del tráfico en carreteras y áreas urbanas. Estos servicios servirán como reclamo para los usuarios, lo que acelerará la penetración de la tecnología en el mercado.
El European Telecommunications Standards Institute Technical Committee Intelligent Transport System (ETSI TC ITS) ha estandarizado la arquitectura y los protocolos de comunicaciones para un sistema de transporte inteligente considerando tanto aplicaciones relacionadas con la seguridad vial como la conectividad de los vehículos a Internet. El protocolo de GeoNetworking (GN) ha sido diseñado para el encaminamiento de los paquetes en la VANET tomando los requisitos
de seguridad vial como punto principal y dejando en un segundo plano los aspectos
relacionados con la conectividad a Internet.
En la presente Tesis Doctoral se afronta la problemática de la provisión de conectividad a Internet en el sistema de transporte inteligente estandarizado por el ETSI considerando escenarios de autovíaa/autopista. Una de las principales contribuciones es el análisis detallado del protocolo de GN que estudia la influencia de los diferentes mecanismos del protocolo, identificando sus puntos débiles y limitaciones. Además, se propone y evalúa la aplicación de diferentes mecanismos de
optimización que subsanan las deficiencias encontradas y producen una mejora significativa de las prestaciones.Otra contribución importante de la Tesis Doctoral es la propuesta de una solución que permite integrar el protocolo Proxy Mobile IPv6 (PMIPv6) con la arquitectura del sistema de transporte inteligente del ETSI y su protocolo de GN. Se proponen un conjunto de procedimientos que adaptan PMIPv6 a la arquitectura multisalto del ITS. La solución permite a los vehículos mantener sus comunicaciones activas a pesar de los cambios de punto de conexión a Internet, sin
que tengan que verse involucrados en los procedimientos de gestión de la movilidad.
El análisis del protocolo de GN, la evaluación de los mecanismos de optimización y la
Validación de la solución de movilidad se ha llevado a cabo a través de extensas simulaciones utilizando trazas de tráfico sintéticas y trazas de tráfico reales de una importante autopista de circunvalación de Madrid.
Vehicular Ad hoc NETworks (VANETs) are considered as the most suitable technology to provide vehicles with communication capabilities as a mean to improve road safety. Additionally, VANETs also open the door to non-safety applications where Internet connectivity is the main focus. Internet access from VANETs can be provided with the support of gateways located at the side of the roads, such that vehicles change their point of attachment to the Internet while they move. This allows drivers and passengers not only to use common Internet services but also new applications specifically tailored to them such as traffic efficiency applications. This Internet access from the VANET is expected to attract users’ attention speeding-up market penetration of the technology. The European Telecommunications Standards Institute Technical Committee Intelligent Transport System (ETSI TC ITS) has standardized the architecture and the communication protocols for an Intelligent Transport System (ITS) considering both safety applications and the connectivity of vehicles to the Internet. The GeoNetworking protocol (GN) has been designed to forward packets in the VANET taking safety requirements as the main concern, leaving Internet connectivity as a secondary consideration. In this PhD thesis we tackle the problem of providing Internet access using the standardized ETSI ITS protocols/architecture in highway scenarios. One of the main contributions is a detailed analysis of the GN protocol that studies the influence of the different mechanisms of the protocol, identifying its weak points and limitations. Besides, several optimization mechanisms are applied and evaluated to tackle these limitations and that produce a significant enhancement of the performance. Another main contribution of this PhD thesis is the proposal of a solution to integrate the Proxy Mobile IPv6 (PMIPv6) protocol with the ETSI ITS architecture and its GN protocol. A set of procedures are proposed to adapt PMIPv6 to the multi-hop ETSI ITS architecture. The solution allows vehicles to keep their ongoing communications despite the change of point of attachment to the Internet without their involvement in mobility management procedures. The analysis of the GN protocol, the evaluation of the optimization mechanisms and the validation of the mobility solution are conducted by means of extensive simulations using synthetic and real traffic traces of an important orbital highway of Madrid.
Vehicular Ad hoc NETworks (VANETs) are considered as the most suitable technology to provide vehicles with communication capabilities as a mean to improve road safety. Additionally, VANETs also open the door to non-safety applications where Internet connectivity is the main focus. Internet access from VANETs can be provided with the support of gateways located at the side of the roads, such that vehicles change their point of attachment to the Internet while they move. This allows drivers and passengers not only to use common Internet services but also new applications specifically tailored to them such as traffic efficiency applications. This Internet access from the VANET is expected to attract users’ attention speeding-up market penetration of the technology. The European Telecommunications Standards Institute Technical Committee Intelligent Transport System (ETSI TC ITS) has standardized the architecture and the communication protocols for an Intelligent Transport System (ITS) considering both safety applications and the connectivity of vehicles to the Internet. The GeoNetworking protocol (GN) has been designed to forward packets in the VANET taking safety requirements as the main concern, leaving Internet connectivity as a secondary consideration. In this PhD thesis we tackle the problem of providing Internet access using the standardized ETSI ITS protocols/architecture in highway scenarios. One of the main contributions is a detailed analysis of the GN protocol that studies the influence of the different mechanisms of the protocol, identifying its weak points and limitations. Besides, several optimization mechanisms are applied and evaluated to tackle these limitations and that produce a significant enhancement of the performance. Another main contribution of this PhD thesis is the proposal of a solution to integrate the Proxy Mobile IPv6 (PMIPv6) protocol with the ETSI ITS architecture and its GN protocol. A set of procedures are proposed to adapt PMIPv6 to the multi-hop ETSI ITS architecture. The solution allows vehicles to keep their ongoing communications despite the change of point of attachment to the Internet without their involvement in mobility management procedures. The analysis of the GN protocol, the evaluation of the optimization mechanisms and the validation of the mobility solution are conducted by means of extensive simulations using synthetic and real traffic traces of an important orbital highway of Madrid.
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Keywords
Tecnología automovilística, Seguridad vial, Redes vehiculares, VANET, ETSI ITS, GeoNetworking, PMIPv6