Publication: Diseño y optimización de una planta termosolar con concentradores cilindro-parabólicos
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2013-05
Defense date
2013-05-30
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Abstract
Este proyecto consiste en el diseño de una central termosolar cilíndrico-parabólica de 50 MW en el sur de España. Para ver las diferentes alternativas en el diseño de la instalación se han realizado tres estudios por separado para ver el efecto de cada uno de ellos. Se ha analizado la central sin almacenamiento ni caldera auxiliar, posteriormente con almacenamiento y por último con almacenamiento y caldera auxiliar. Se ha explicado las principales partes de la central y sus diferentes misiones dentro de la instalación. Se ha analizado las ventajas y desventajas del uso de cada elemento. Para el correcto diseño de la central se ha realizado un estudio de las diferentes pérdidas ópticas, geométricas y térmicas. Para ello se ha realizado un programa iterativo de cálculo en Matlab. Otro punto en el que se ha tenido especial atención es en el sistema de seguimiento solar. Este sistema modifica el ángulo de incidencia de la radiación solar directa y tiene gran importancia su comprensión para maximizar la producción de energía. En la central sin almacenamiento ni caldera auxiliar se ha analizado cual es el número óptimo de módulos, así como la velocidad más beneficiosa en términos económicos. Para ello se ha cuantificado el coste de cada parte de la instalación y se ha determinado el coste de producción eléctrica en euros por kilovatio hora. Una vez definido el número de módulos y la velocidad óptima de diseño para los datos de radiación que se disponían se ha analizado como afecta un almacenamiento de energía de cuatro, ocho y doce horas. Además se ha estudiado la legislación vigente para poder incluir una caldera auxiliar en la central. Con este estudio se ha podido incorporar la caldera auxiliar y compararla con centrales parecidas en funcionamiento actualmente. Por último, se han expuesto las conclusiones de los estudios realizados, así como las líneas de análisis futuras. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The aim of this project is to design a cylindrical-parabolic termosolar plant of 50 MW in the south of Spain. Three different cases have been studied independently before designing the plant in order to analyze the effects of each one. The three cases studied are: a plant with neither storage nor auxiliary boiler, a plant without storage but with auxiliary boiler and a plant with storage and auxiliary boiler. The main parts of the plant and the mission of each part within the installation have been explained. The advantages and disadvantages of the use of each element have also been analyzed. A study of the different optic, geometric and thermal losses has been done to achieve a correct design of the plant. Because of the need of this study, a iterative calculation program has been done using the computer program Matlab. The Solar Tracking System has been analyzed carefully. This system modifies the angle of incidence of the direct solar radiation and its knowledge is very important to maximize the energy production. In the first case studied, a plant with neither storage nor auxiliary boiler, the optimal number of modules and the most beneficial speed, economically speaking, have been analyzed. To do that, the cost of each part of the installation has been quantified and the cost of electric production, in euros per kilowatt hour, has been determined. Once the number of modules and the design optimal speed, using the available radiation data, have been fixed, the effects of energy storage for four, eight and twelve hours have been studied. Furthermore, the current legislation has been studied in order to be able to include an auxiliary boiler in the plant. After this study, an auxiliary boiler has been able to be included, so this plant has been able to be compared with similar plants that are working nowadays. Finally, the conclusions to all these studies have been exposed, as well as the future lines of analysis.
The aim of this project is to design a cylindrical-parabolic termosolar plant of 50 MW in the south of Spain. Three different cases have been studied independently before designing the plant in order to analyze the effects of each one. The three cases studied are: a plant with neither storage nor auxiliary boiler, a plant without storage but with auxiliary boiler and a plant with storage and auxiliary boiler. The main parts of the plant and the mission of each part within the installation have been explained. The advantages and disadvantages of the use of each element have also been analyzed. A study of the different optic, geometric and thermal losses has been done to achieve a correct design of the plant. Because of the need of this study, a iterative calculation program has been done using the computer program Matlab. The Solar Tracking System has been analyzed carefully. This system modifies the angle of incidence of the direct solar radiation and its knowledge is very important to maximize the energy production. In the first case studied, a plant with neither storage nor auxiliary boiler, the optimal number of modules and the most beneficial speed, economically speaking, have been analyzed. To do that, the cost of each part of the installation has been quantified and the cost of electric production, in euros per kilowatt hour, has been determined. Once the number of modules and the design optimal speed, using the available radiation data, have been fixed, the effects of energy storage for four, eight and twelve hours have been studied. Furthermore, the current legislation has been studied in order to be able to include an auxiliary boiler in the plant. After this study, an auxiliary boiler has been able to be included, so this plant has been able to be compared with similar plants that are working nowadays. Finally, the conclusions to all these studies have been exposed, as well as the future lines of analysis.
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Energía solar, Plantas termosolares, Colectores solares