Publication: Diseño de estrategias de una central de generación virtual : virtual power plant
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2011-10
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2011-10-27
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Abstract
El incremento de la producción eléctrica a partir de fuentes de energía renovables ha propiciado que, en determinadas circunstancias, el carácter no gestionable de alguna de ellas haya causado problemas en varios países al operador del sistema. La solución habitual consiste en limitar la instalación y/o la producción eléctrica de este tipo de tecnologías, pero existe otra alternativa, basada en el uso conjunto de estas fuentes renovables y otras no renovables. Consiste en el análisis del uso conjunto de la energía eólica y la cogeneración para formar una “Virtual Power Plant”, cuya producción sea gestionable. El objetivo del proyecto es desarrollar estrategias de integración para las plantas de generación distribuida de origen renovable y no renovable, como son los parques eólicos y centrales de cogeneración. Para ello se utiliza el programa informático PowerFactory de DIgSILENT con el que se simulan los diferentes casos de estudio. Las estrategias de operación efectuadas para la Virtual Power Plant (Must Run y Merit Order) son diferentes para cada caso de estudio que se realiza. Una vez definida la Virtual Power Plant se analiza el sistema para un Flujo de Cargas tradicional o Flujo de Cargas Óptimo, dependiendo del caso de estudio en el que nos encontremos. En dicho análisis también varían las restricciones impuestas al sistema en lo referente a flujos de potencia y variaciones de tensión. La función objetivo en todos los casos en los que se ejecuta un Flujo de Cargas Óptimo es minimizar las pérdidas. Una vez analizados los casos de estudio, se hace una comparativa con la variable de Pérdidas Totales del Sistema. Finalmente se obtienen diferentes conclusiones y posibles mejoras para el programa utilizado, así como un presupuesto desglosado por partidas referentes al desarrollo de este proyecto fin de carrera. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The increase of the electrical production from renewable energy sources has meant that, under certain circumstances, the unpredictable character of some of them has caused problems in several countries to the system operator. The usual solution is to limit the installation and/or the electricity production of this kind of technologies, but there is another alternative, based on the combined use of these renewable sources and other nonrenewable. It consists of the analysis of the combined use of wind power and cogeneration to make a "Virtual Power Plant”, whose production is manageable. The project goal is to develop strategies for the integration of renewable and nonrenewable distributed generation plants, such as wind farms and cogeneration plants. The software DIgSILENT PowerFactory is used to develop this project, simulating the different study cases. The operational strategies carried out for the Virtual Power Plant (Must Run and Merit Order) are different for each performed study case. After defining the Virtual Power Plant, a traditional load flow or optimal power flow is analyzed, depending on the study case we are undergoing. This analysis will also vary the restrictions on the system in terms of power loading and voltage variations. The objective function in all cases in which an optimum power flow is executed, is to minimize losses. Once the study cases are analyzed, a comparison is made of total losses for the different scenarios. Finally different conclusions are obtained and possible improvements for the used program explored, as well as a budget breakdown by items related to the development of this final project.
The increase of the electrical production from renewable energy sources has meant that, under certain circumstances, the unpredictable character of some of them has caused problems in several countries to the system operator. The usual solution is to limit the installation and/or the electricity production of this kind of technologies, but there is another alternative, based on the combined use of these renewable sources and other nonrenewable. It consists of the analysis of the combined use of wind power and cogeneration to make a "Virtual Power Plant”, whose production is manageable. The project goal is to develop strategies for the integration of renewable and nonrenewable distributed generation plants, such as wind farms and cogeneration plants. The software DIgSILENT PowerFactory is used to develop this project, simulating the different study cases. The operational strategies carried out for the Virtual Power Plant (Must Run and Merit Order) are different for each performed study case. After defining the Virtual Power Plant, a traditional load flow or optimal power flow is analyzed, depending on the study case we are undergoing. This analysis will also vary the restrictions on the system in terms of power loading and voltage variations. The objective function in all cases in which an optimum power flow is executed, is to minimize losses. Once the study cases are analyzed, a comparison is made of total losses for the different scenarios. Finally different conclusions are obtained and possible improvements for the used program explored, as well as a budget breakdown by items related to the development of this final project.
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Centrales eléctricas, Instalaciones eléctricas