Publication: Comportamiento frente a impacto de elementos tubulares de sección circular
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2010-10
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2010
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Abstract
El presente documento tiene el cometido de estudiar el comportamiento frente a impacto de elementos tubulares de fibra de carbono, dada su importancia para la aplicación en la industria automovilística como sustituto de las tradicionales barras de protección lateral de impacto de acero u otros materiales metálicos. Con ello se consigue una reducción de peso del conjunto del vehículo, al sustituir materiales estructurales metálicos por otros de material compuesto, que mantienen la rigidez necesaria para la protección del vehículo, y consiguen hasta un 30% de ahorro de peso. Para evaluar el comportamiento frente a impacto de estos elementos estructurales, se realizaron ensayos de flexión dinámica en tres puntos, y para evaluar las propiedades residuales, se realizaron ensayos de flexión estática en tres puntos. A partir de estos ensayos se analizan diversas magnitudes como velocidades de impacto, carga soportada por los tubos, desplazamientos incurridos, tiempos de impacto, energías de impacto y energía absorbida por el material. Queda demostrado al final, que una de las propiedades más ventajosas de los tubos de fibra de carbono frente a los metálicos, es su gran capacidad de absorción de energía en los impactos dinámicos, a parte de su baja densidad específica. ________________________________________________________________
This document is mandated to study the impact behavior of tubular carbon fiber, given its importance for the application in the automotive industry as a substitute for traditional side-door impact beams of steel or other metallic materials. This achieves a reduction in overall vehicle weight by replacing metal and other structural materials made of composite material, which maintain the strength necessary for the protection of the vehicle, and get up to 30% weight savings. To evaluate the impact behavior of these structural elements were made three points dynamic bending tests, and to evaluate the residual properties were performed three points static bending tests. From these tests, it explores a range of magnitudes like velocities of impact load on the tubes, strain incurred, time of impact, energy of impact and energy absorbed by the material. Demonstrated at the end that one of the most advantageous properties of carbon fiber tubes to the metal is its great capacity to absorb energy in the dynamic impacts, apart from its low specific density.
This document is mandated to study the impact behavior of tubular carbon fiber, given its importance for the application in the automotive industry as a substitute for traditional side-door impact beams of steel or other metallic materials. This achieves a reduction in overall vehicle weight by replacing metal and other structural materials made of composite material, which maintain the strength necessary for the protection of the vehicle, and get up to 30% weight savings. To evaluate the impact behavior of these structural elements were made three points dynamic bending tests, and to evaluate the residual properties were performed three points static bending tests. From these tests, it explores a range of magnitudes like velocities of impact load on the tubes, strain incurred, time of impact, energy of impact and energy absorbed by the material. Demonstrated at the end that one of the most advantageous properties of carbon fiber tubes to the metal is its great capacity to absorb energy in the dynamic impacts, apart from its low specific density.
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Mecánica de sólidos, Materiales compuestos, Elementos tubulares, Fibra de carbono, Deslaminación, Ensayo de impacto, Tecnología automovilística