Pijeira Cabrera, Héctor EstebanQuintero Roba, Javier AlejandroToribio Milane, Juan2023-09-202023-09-202023-08-06Pijeira-Cabrera, H; Quintero-Roba, J; Toribio-Milane, J. Differential Properties of Jacobi-Sobolev Polynomials and Electrostatic Interpretation. In: Mathematics 2023, 11(15),3420, 20 p.2227-7390https://hdl.handle.net/10016/38400This article belongs to the Special Issue Orthogonal Polynomials and Special Functions: Recent Trends and Their Applications.We study the sequence of monic polynomials {S-n}n >= 0, orthogonal with respect to the JacobiSobolev inner product < f,g > s = integral(1)(-1) f (x)g(x) d mu(alpha,beta)(x) + Sigma (N)(dj)(j=1) lambda(j,k),f(k) (c(j))g((k))(cj), where N, d(j) is an element of Z(+), lambda(j,k) >= 0, d mu(alpha,beta)(x) = (1-x)(alpha)(1 + x)beta (dx), alpha, beta > -1, and c(j) is an element of R backslash(-1, 1). A connection formula that relates the Sobolev polynomials Sn with the Jacobi polynomials is provided, as well as the ladder differential operators for the sequence {S-n}(n >= 0) and a second-order differential equation with a polynomial coefficient that they satisfied. We give sufficient conditions under which the zeros of a wide class of Jacobi-Sobolev polynomials can be interpreted as the solution of an electrostatic equilibrium problem of n unit charges moving in the presence of a logarithmic potential. Several examples are presented to illustrate this interpretation.20eng© 2023 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license.Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 3.0 EspañaJacobi PolynomialsSobolev OrthogonalitySecond-Order Differential EquationElectrostatic Modelresearch articleMatemáticashttps://doi.org/10.3390/math11153420open access115, 342020Mathematics11AR/0000033312