RT Conference Proceedings T1 SmartLED: Smartphone-based covert channels leveraging the notification LED A1 González Manzano, Lorena A1 Bernárdez, Sergio A1 Fuentes García-Romero de Tejada, José María de AB The widespread adoption of smartphones make them essential in daily routines. Thus, they can be used to create a covert channel without raising suspicions. To avoid detection, networkless communications are preferred. In this paper, we propose SmartLED, a mechanism to build covert channels leveraging a widely available smartphone feature - its notification LED. The secret is encoded through LED blinks using Manhattan encoding. SmartLED is assessed in real-world indoor and outdoor scenarios, considering different distances up to 5 meters. Our results show that the best performance is achieved in dark settings - 34.8 s. are needed to exfiltrate a 7-byte password to a distance of 1 m. Remarkably, distance does not cause a great impact on effective transmission time and shorter blinks do not lead to substantially greater transmission errors PB IEEE SN 978-1-6654-0392-4 YR 2020 FD 2020-12-29 LK https://hdl.handle.net/10016/33916 UL https://hdl.handle.net/10016/33916 LA eng NO This work was supported by MINECO grant TIN2016-79095-C2-2-R (SMOG-DEV), PID2019-111429RB-C21 (ODIO), P2018/TCS4566 (CYNAMON-CM) funded with European FEDER funds and CAVTIONS-CM-UC3M funded by UC3M and the Government of Madrid (CAM). DS e-Archivo RD 30 jun. 2024