RT Generic T1 Implementing R and D policies : an analysis of Spain's pharmaceutical research program A1 Desmet, Klaus A1 García, Clara Eugenia A1 Kujal, Praveen A1 Lobo, Félix AB Using detailed firm-level data, we analyze Spain's Pharmaceutical Research Program, and find differences between the ex ante announced evaluation criteria and their ex post implementation. By studying the program's implementation, we also uncover that the apparent discrimination against non-European firms is due to the heavy penalty placed on not having local production plants. In this sense the R and D support program works in part as a production support program. Our analysis suggests that the design of public R and D programs cannot be judged exclusively on their results. Analyzing the implementation stage is equally important. SN 2340-5031 YR 2003 FD 2003-10 LK https://hdl.handle.net/10016/313 UL https://hdl.handle.net/10016/313 LA eng LA eng DS e-Archivo RD 1 may. 2024