Publication: Y tú, ¿por qué eres negro?: discursos e identidades afrodescendientes en España
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2022
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Universitat de València: Departamento de Filología Española
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Abstract
El objetivo de este artículo es explorar la construcción gradual de identidades afrodescendientes en España a partir de producciones culturales y artísticas generadas por el propio colectivo, en particular por parte de destacados autores afroespañoles. Empleando la documentación y el análisis socio-semiótico del discurso, se plantea un mapeo de obras e investigaciones de referencia en torno al tema y se analiza como caso de estudio el fotolibro Y tú, ¿por qué eres negro?, de Rubén H. Bermúdez (2018). Reconociendo su enunciación desde los márgenes de la esfera pública, examinamos la construcción de sentido empleada en este relato verbovisual, donde la compleja operación de narrarse a uno mismo implica una interacción reflexiva entre lo individual y lo colectivo. El análisis, apoyado también en el discurso verbal del autor, se articula a través de cuatro apartados, hitos o momentos clave: la emergencia del estigma social de la negritud; el descubrimiento de referentes y nuevos imaginarios transnacionales; la amenaza del racismo y los límites de la idea de nación; y el encuentro con la comunidad afrodescendiente, donde se consolida una toma de conciencia política e identitaria militante. Así, la investigación revela la transfiguración del sujeto durante un viaje iniciático, e incide en la construcción dinámica y dialógica de la identidad.
The aim of this article is to explore the gradual construction of Afro-descendant identities in Spain based on the cultural and artistic productions generated by the collective itself, in particular by prominent Afro-Spanish authors. Employing documentation and socio-semiotic discourse analysis, it provides a mapping of reference works and research on the subject, and it analyses as a case study the photobook And You, Why Are You Black? by Rubén H. Bermúdez (2018). Acknowledging its enunciation from the margins of the public sphere, we examine the construction of meaning articulated in this verb-visual narrative, where the complex operation of narrating oneself implies a reflexive interaction between the individual and the collective. The analysis, also supported by the author’s verbal discourse, is articulated through four key sections, landmarks or key moments: the emergence of negritude as a social stigma; the discovery of role models and new transnational imaginaries; the threat of racism and the limits of the idea of nation; and the encounter with the Afro-descendant community, where a militant political and identity awareness is consolidated. Thus, this research reveals the transfiguration of the subject during an initiatory journey, and it illustrates the dynamic and dialogical construction of identity.
The aim of this article is to explore the gradual construction of Afro-descendant identities in Spain based on the cultural and artistic productions generated by the collective itself, in particular by prominent Afro-Spanish authors. Employing documentation and socio-semiotic discourse analysis, it provides a mapping of reference works and research on the subject, and it analyses as a case study the photobook And You, Why Are You Black? by Rubén H. Bermúdez (2018). Acknowledging its enunciation from the margins of the public sphere, we examine the construction of meaning articulated in this verb-visual narrative, where the complex operation of narrating oneself implies a reflexive interaction between the individual and the collective. The analysis, also supported by the author’s verbal discourse, is articulated through four key sections, landmarks or key moments: the emergence of negritude as a social stigma; the discovery of role models and new transnational imaginaries; the threat of racism and the limits of the idea of nation; and the encounter with the Afro-descendant community, where a militant political and identity awareness is consolidated. Thus, this research reveals the transfiguration of the subject during an initiatory journey, and it illustrates the dynamic and dialogical construction of identity.
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Identidad, Raza, Comunidad afrodes-cendiente, Análisis del discurso, Semiótica, Identity, Afro-descendant community, Discourse analysis, Semiotics
Bibliographic citation
Kamchatka: Revista de Análisis Cultural, N.19 (2022), pp. 243-267