Publication: La expansión y consolidación de las Cajas de Ahorros en el sistema financiero español, 1880-1936
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2004
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Fundación SEPI: Centro de Estudios Constitucionales: Instituto Laureano Figuerola
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Abstract
Este artículo estudia la evolución de las Cajas de Ahorros en España durante las
últimas décadas del siglo XIX y el primer tercio del XX. Analiza los efectos de la
regulación e intervención pública sobre el sector, así como la creación de organismos
corporativos y representativos del mismo. También se valora y explica la consolidación
de las Cajas en el sistema financiero-bancario. Se utiliza la perspectiva regional para detallar procesos y aclarar estrategias de estas entidades, facilitando la comprensión de su proceso de crecimiento. Entre 1880 y 1936, las Cajas lograron
asentarse y desempeñar un papel dentro del sistema financiero, ofreciendo servicios
adaptados a las demandas de una clientela popular, y ganando terreno frente a la banca privada en algunas ciudades y en los ámbitos agrarios. Finalmente, las Cajas se convirtieron en un instrumento al servicio de las políticas sociales de los gobiernos, especialmente a través de la inversión en deuda pública.
This paper analyses the evolution of Savings Banks in Spain during the last decades of the 19th century and the first third of the 20th century. The effects of the regulation and public intervention are analysed, as well as the creation of corporative and representative organisms of Savings Banks. It also reviews the consolidation of the Savings Banks in the financial-banking system. The regional focus is applied to show the strategies used by these financial institutions, in order to understand their growth. Between 1880 and 1936 the Savings Banks played an important role in the financial domestic system, adapting their services to their clients’ demands. In this way the Savings Banks confronted the private big banking sector in order to attract more clients, mainly middle and working classes in urban and rural areas. Finally Savings Banks became an important instrument of the social policy of governments, especially through the investment in public debt.
This paper analyses the evolution of Savings Banks in Spain during the last decades of the 19th century and the first third of the 20th century. The effects of the regulation and public intervention are analysed, as well as the creation of corporative and representative organisms of Savings Banks. It also reviews the consolidation of the Savings Banks in the financial-banking system. The regional focus is applied to show the strategies used by these financial institutions, in order to understand their growth. Between 1880 and 1936 the Savings Banks played an important role in the financial domestic system, adapting their services to their clients’ demands. In this way the Savings Banks confronted the private big banking sector in order to attract more clients, mainly middle and working classes in urban and rural areas. Finally Savings Banks became an important instrument of the social policy of governments, especially through the investment in public debt.
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Keywords
Cajas de Ahorros, Sistema financiero, Depósitos de ahorro, Montes de Piedad, Savings Banks, Financial system, Savings deposits
Bibliographic citation
Revista de Historia Económica Año XXII primavera 2004 n. 1 pp. 65-110