Publication: Arquitectura y proceso software para un receptor ADS-B
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2015-09
Defense date
2015-10-06
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Abstract
El enorme crecimiento del tráfico aéreo y el hecho de que haya extensas zonas que no están guiadas por ATC (Air Traffic Control) hace necesario el conocimiento del tráfico aéreo en tiempo real no sólo para los controladores de tráfico aéreo sino también para los pilotos. Los radares actuales son muy lentos, los controladores aéreos reciben información de un avión en particular cada seis o siete segundos, esto hace unos años era una tasa de actualización adecuada pero ahora resulta insuficiente. En aeropuertos con mucho tráfico, gran cantidad de aviones deben permanecen sobrevolando el aeropuerto a la espera de la orden de aterrizaje, ya que para aterrizar dependen de los controladores que tienen que dar instrucciones vía radio a cada aeronave, lo que es un desperdicio de combustible. El ADS-B B (Automatic Dependent Surveillance- Broadcast) es una tecnología de vigilancia aérea en la que un avión determina su posición a través del sistema de navegación por satélite GPS y la difunde periódicamente. Su característica principal es que proporciona información sobre la posición y velocidad en las tres dimensiones vía aire-aire a otras aeronaves y aire-tierra a la estación terrestre, además de información acerca de la aeronave, como por ejemplo la identificación, rumbo y el estado del avión. El ADS-B podría reemplazar a los radares como el principal método del control del tráfico aéreo mundial. Este proyecto se ha centrado en la comunicación aire-tierra y más concretamente en el receptor terrestre ADS-B.
The huge growth in air traffic and the fact that already vast areas are not guided by ATC (Air Traffic Control) requires new developments to provide knowledge of air traffic in real time not only for air traffic controllers but also for pilots. Current air traffic controllers receive information from a particular aircraft every six or seven seconds. A few years ago this was an appropriate update rate but now it turns out insufficient. Over congested airports, planes often cycling in altitude “layers”, speeding up and slowing down to get into proper landing sequence. Which is a waste of fuel. To land, aircrafts depend on controllers who give instructions to them by radio in a stream of nonstop oral transmissions. The controllers have to keep everything straight on their radar screens, their minds and on the radio. Theirs is one of the most stressful jobs. The ADS-B (Automatic Dependent Surveillance- Broadcast) is an air surveillance technology in which airplanes determines its position through GPS navigation system and broadcasts it periodically. Its main feature is that it provides information about the position and velocity in three dimensions via air-to-air to another aircraft and air-to-ground to ground stations, in addition of other information about the aircraft, such as the identification, altitude, heading and state of the target. The ADS-B could replace radar as the primary method of global air traffic control. This project is focused on the air-to-ground communication and more specifically in the ADS-B ground station.
The huge growth in air traffic and the fact that already vast areas are not guided by ATC (Air Traffic Control) requires new developments to provide knowledge of air traffic in real time not only for air traffic controllers but also for pilots. Current air traffic controllers receive information from a particular aircraft every six or seven seconds. A few years ago this was an appropriate update rate but now it turns out insufficient. Over congested airports, planes often cycling in altitude “layers”, speeding up and slowing down to get into proper landing sequence. Which is a waste of fuel. To land, aircrafts depend on controllers who give instructions to them by radio in a stream of nonstop oral transmissions. The controllers have to keep everything straight on their radar screens, their minds and on the radio. Theirs is one of the most stressful jobs. The ADS-B (Automatic Dependent Surveillance- Broadcast) is an air surveillance technology in which airplanes determines its position through GPS navigation system and broadcasts it periodically. Its main feature is that it provides information about the position and velocity in three dimensions via air-to-air to another aircraft and air-to-ground to ground stations, in addition of other information about the aircraft, such as the identification, altitude, heading and state of the target. The ADS-B could replace radar as the primary method of global air traffic control. This project is focused on the air-to-ground communication and more specifically in the ADS-B ground station.
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Aeronáutica, Tráfico aéreo, Comunicaciones vía satélite, ADS-B (Automatic Dependent Surveillance-Broadcast)