Publication: Automatización e integración de sistemas con domótica de una vivienda
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2015-07
Defense date
2015-07-09
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Abstract
El presente proyecto se centra en el diseño y programación de una instalación domótica para una vivienda unifamiliar y de los sistemas necesarios para integrar la misma en una “Urbanización Digital”.
El proyecto se va a realizar para una vivienda de nueva construcción de dos plantas y una cubierta. En la planta baja se encuentra el hall, despacho, aseo, spa, sala de billar, salón, comedor, cocina, sala de estar, baño , zona de lavandería, vivienda del servicio y garaje, la planta principal dispone de tres dormitorios con baño y un dormitorio principal con baño y vestidor. La cubierta cuenta con un aseo, un cenador y una instalación de paneles solares. La vivienda pertenece a una urbanización formada por 80 viviendas de las mismas características, zonas ajardinadas y una central de seguridad y mantenimiento. Esta última se encarga de controlar el acceso a la urbanización y de gestionar los avisos de las alarmas técnicas y de seguridad del conjunto de viviendas.
Con la instalación domótica, se pretenden controlar los circuitos eléctricos y de iluminación, la climatización, la seguridad interior y exterior, el sistema de audio, las alarmas técnicas, la instalación de paneles solares térmicos para Agua Caliente Sanitaria (ACS), el sistema de riego, el control de accesos y la visualización del consumo energético. Para ello se utilizará el estándar internacional de control domótico KNX, que aparte de ser el único estándar internacional cuenta con la robustez necesaria y la capacidad de soportar una instalación de esta envergadura.
El primer paso para realizar un proyecto de estas características es concretar con el propietario los servicios a implementar. El hecho de que este no esté familiarizado con el mundo de la domótica complica este proceso, ya que plantear soluciones sencillas de controlar a nivel usuario para un sistema tan complejo es más difícil de diseñar.
Una vez concretados los servicios a implementar y la tecnología a utilizar, se procede a elegir los dispositivos que más se adapten a las necesidades de la instalación. Se seleccionarán los componentes necesarios, teniendo en cuenta que un mismo dispositivo puede ser utilizado para implementar varios servicios. Una selección no eficiente de los mismos puede desencadenar innumerables complicaciones futuras. El conocimiento detallado de los elementos que existen en el mercado y de su funcionamiento, nos hará llegar a diseñar una instalación optimizada tanto a nivel económico como funcional.
Mi tutor me ha puesto en contacto con los proyectistas de las instalaciones a controlar, instaladores y suministradores de equipos. He podido asistir a diferentes cursos impartidos por estos, gracias a los que he ampliado las bases de los conocimientos adquiridos durante mi formación.
Con los dispositivos seleccionados se procede al diseño de la programación. Esta se dividirá en la parametrización de los dispositivos, dotando a cada uno de la información necesaria para que actúe de forma individual y en la vinculación de estos por medio de las direcciones de grupo, que permite la transferencia de datos por el bus.
La visualización se diseña utilizando las direcciones de grupo y utilizando las herramientas del propio servidor, funciones lógicas, horarios… es posible dotar de una mayor inteligencia a la instalación. Gracias a esto, los dispositivos podrán responder de forma automática ante acciones programadas.
El proyecto domótico contará con los capítulos comunes a un proyecto técnico, memoria, anexos, planos y presupuesto. En los anexos se incluirá un resumen del manual del protocolo domótico KNX y una pequeña introducción al protocolo de iluminación DALI.
Para finalizar se indicará la bibliografía que se ha utilizado para adquirir la información y una pequeña conclusión.
This project is orientated to the design and programing of a domotic system for a single family home and the technology needed to integrate it into a “Digital Residential Area”. This project is going to take place on a newly-built dwelling. This dwelling will have two floors and a rooftop. On the ground floor we can find hall, office, toilet, spa, poolroom, living room, kitchen, sitting room, bathroom, laundry area, staff’s house and garage. On the first floor are located three bedrooms with bathroom and the master bedroom with bathroom and dressing room. The rooftop has a toilet, a gazebo and an installation of solar panels. Dwelling belongs to a residential area formed by 80 dwellings, green areas and center of security and maintenance. The center of security and maintenance has the responsibility of supervising the people that enter to the residential area and it’s also in charge of handling the technical alarms from all the dwellings. With the domotic system we will manage the electric and lighting circuit, the air conditioning, the outdoor and indoor security, the sound system, the technical alarms, the solar panels system for Domestic Hot Water (DHW), irrigation system, access control and the visualization system for energy-saving. For this task we will use KNX. KNX is the only worldwide standardized protocol for domotic control systems. It also has the sturdiness and capacity to sustain this project. The first step we make to begin this project is to talk with the owner about the utilities that want to have on his house. Usually the clients don’t have any knowledge about domotic systems; this makes harder develop a comfortable solution for the daily use of the client. Once we have selected the utilities and technology, we proceed to choose the devices that better match the needs of the project. To select the devices we take into account some devices can do more than one function. This stage of the project is really relevant, since a bad choice can end up in future complication or a big increase of the final cost of the project. Thanks to my mentor I have had the opportunity to meet project designers, installers and equipment suppliers. I could also access different training courses run by this professionals. These training courses made me amplify my knowledge about domitic. With all the devices selected we can begin the programing stage. This stage would split in two: the parametrization and the linking. On the first one we introduce to every device the information it needs to work in an independent way. On the second one we link each device to a group address to allow the communication through the bus. To create the visualization system we use the logic functions, timers… With all these we can create a more intelligent house capable of responding to preprogramed actions. This bachelor degree thesis would have some chapters similar to the ones on a technical project, such as memory plans, maps, quotations and appendices. On the appendices it will be included a guide of the KNX system and a brief introduction DALI illumination control protocol. Finally we include a bibliography with the links and books were we have acquire information and a small conclusion.
This project is orientated to the design and programing of a domotic system for a single family home and the technology needed to integrate it into a “Digital Residential Area”. This project is going to take place on a newly-built dwelling. This dwelling will have two floors and a rooftop. On the ground floor we can find hall, office, toilet, spa, poolroom, living room, kitchen, sitting room, bathroom, laundry area, staff’s house and garage. On the first floor are located three bedrooms with bathroom and the master bedroom with bathroom and dressing room. The rooftop has a toilet, a gazebo and an installation of solar panels. Dwelling belongs to a residential area formed by 80 dwellings, green areas and center of security and maintenance. The center of security and maintenance has the responsibility of supervising the people that enter to the residential area and it’s also in charge of handling the technical alarms from all the dwellings. With the domotic system we will manage the electric and lighting circuit, the air conditioning, the outdoor and indoor security, the sound system, the technical alarms, the solar panels system for Domestic Hot Water (DHW), irrigation system, access control and the visualization system for energy-saving. For this task we will use KNX. KNX is the only worldwide standardized protocol for domotic control systems. It also has the sturdiness and capacity to sustain this project. The first step we make to begin this project is to talk with the owner about the utilities that want to have on his house. Usually the clients don’t have any knowledge about domotic systems; this makes harder develop a comfortable solution for the daily use of the client. Once we have selected the utilities and technology, we proceed to choose the devices that better match the needs of the project. To select the devices we take into account some devices can do more than one function. This stage of the project is really relevant, since a bad choice can end up in future complication or a big increase of the final cost of the project. Thanks to my mentor I have had the opportunity to meet project designers, installers and equipment suppliers. I could also access different training courses run by this professionals. These training courses made me amplify my knowledge about domitic. With all the devices selected we can begin the programing stage. This stage would split in two: the parametrization and the linking. On the first one we introduce to every device the information it needs to work in an independent way. On the second one we link each device to a group address to allow the communication through the bus. To create the visualization system we use the logic functions, timers… With all these we can create a more intelligent house capable of responding to preprogramed actions. This bachelor degree thesis would have some chapters similar to the ones on a technical project, such as memory plans, maps, quotations and appendices. On the appendices it will be included a guide of the KNX system and a brief introduction DALI illumination control protocol. Finally we include a bibliography with the links and books were we have acquire information and a small conclusion.
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Keywords
Domótica, KNX, Automatización, Control de edificios, Instalaciones eléctricas