Publication: Diseño e implementación de un sistema de control centralizado para climatización
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2015-06
Defense date
2015-07-10
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Abstract
El fin principal de la domótica no es otro que el de ofrecer un mayor nivel de confort, seguridad y ahorro al usuario en su vivienda. Los sistemas domóticos son caros, sin embargo, en la actualidad han surgido diversas tecnologías, como la plataforma Arduino, que pertenecen a lo que conocemos como hardware y software libre, a las que cualquiera puede acceder y que han permitido una reducción de los costes de un sistema domótico. Por tanto, en este momento resulta indispensable poder ampliar el uso de la domótica más allá de los restringidos usos anteriores, para llegar hasta cualquier edificio de nuestra vida cotidiana.
El objetivo principal del presente proyecto es el de diseñar un sistema de control domótico de bajo coste, basado en una plataforma de hardware libre y software libre, como Arduino, que se adapte a las características de un sistema de climatización, es decir, a un sistema cotidiano. Con el fin de alcanzar dicho objetivo, se ha diseñado e implementado un sistema de control para un sistema de climatización existente, adaptándose a sus características de funcionamiento reales.
Para llevarlo a cabo, se han evaluado diferentes plataformas de hardware libre, que puedan cumplir la funcionalidad requerida por el sistema convencional a controlar en el edificio, para proponer una arquitectura sencilla y robusta. La arquitectura, a su vez debe permitir la comunicación a partir de la red local Ethernet del propio edificio, empleando un protocolo con proyección de futuro para las tecnologías domóticas, flexible y fiable que permita automatizar de la manera deseada el sistema a controlar en nuestro edificio. Además, se valorarán diferentes sensores de temperatura y de humedad para monitorizar el comportamiento del sistema de climatización y ejecutar diferentes acciones a través de actuadores para controlar su comportamiento.
El proyecto concluye con el desarrollo de una aplicación web, accesible desde el navegador del usuario de su propia red local, con el fin de integrar una interfaz central de usuario, para poder controlar y visualizar los datos del sistema domótico.
Home automation main goal is to offer a better feeling of security and comfort, together with less energy used, to any user in their homes. The main issue is that home automation systems are expensive. However, new technologies, like the Arduino platform, which belong to what is known as open hardware and software have appeared. This technologies are low-cost and open to anyone interested. Home automation systems can take advantage of those technologies, resulting in a cost reduction. Therefore, now it is essential to expand automation systems to any other building from our daily lives. The main purpose of this project is to design a low-cost automation system, based on an open hardware and software platform, like the Arduino platform, which can be adapted to the characteristics of a regular system, like a heating and air cooling system. With that purpose in mind, we have designed and implemented a control system for an existing heating and air cooling system, according to its behaviour characteristics. In order to complete our task, first we have evaluated some open hardware electronics platform, which can fulfil the required functionalities by the regular system to control in our building, so we can propose a simple but robust automation architecture. In addition, the archictecture should allow its nodes to communicate using the local Ethernet network of the building where it is located, using a communication protocol with a bright future in automation systems, which is reliable and flexible in order to automate according to the user preferences the system to control. Moreover, we will consider different temperature and humidity sensors to monitor the performance of the heating and air cooling system and execute different orders in several actuators to control its behaviour. Finally, our project will be completed after developing a web application, reachable from a web browser in the local Ethernet network in the building. The purpose of the web application is to offer the user a centralised interface, where the automation system can be controlled and the user can see its data.
Home automation main goal is to offer a better feeling of security and comfort, together with less energy used, to any user in their homes. The main issue is that home automation systems are expensive. However, new technologies, like the Arduino platform, which belong to what is known as open hardware and software have appeared. This technologies are low-cost and open to anyone interested. Home automation systems can take advantage of those technologies, resulting in a cost reduction. Therefore, now it is essential to expand automation systems to any other building from our daily lives. The main purpose of this project is to design a low-cost automation system, based on an open hardware and software platform, like the Arduino platform, which can be adapted to the characteristics of a regular system, like a heating and air cooling system. With that purpose in mind, we have designed and implemented a control system for an existing heating and air cooling system, according to its behaviour characteristics. In order to complete our task, first we have evaluated some open hardware electronics platform, which can fulfil the required functionalities by the regular system to control in our building, so we can propose a simple but robust automation architecture. In addition, the archictecture should allow its nodes to communicate using the local Ethernet network of the building where it is located, using a communication protocol with a bright future in automation systems, which is reliable and flexible in order to automate according to the user preferences the system to control. Moreover, we will consider different temperature and humidity sensors to monitor the performance of the heating and air cooling system and execute different orders in several actuators to control its behaviour. Finally, our project will be completed after developing a web application, reachable from a web browser in the local Ethernet network in the building. The purpose of the web application is to offer the user a centralised interface, where the automation system can be controlled and the user can see its data.
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Keywords
Tecnología de la climatización, Domótica, Sistemas domóticos, Microcontroladores, Sensores