Publication: Islams y Occidentes. Límites de la interpretación esencialista
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2014-06
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Universidad Carlos III de Madrid. Instituto de Derechos Humanos Bartolomé de las Casas; Dykinson
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Abstract
El autor destaca y critica la llamada interpretación esencialista del Islam, difundida
no solo en algunos entornos del orientalismo europeo y americano,
sino también en contextos intelectuales de las más variadas orientaciones políticas.
Según estas visiones, el Islam sería en su naturaleza y esencia “intrínsecamente
incompatible” con Occidente. De esta forma se identifica, como hace
Huntington en The Clash of Civilizations, Islam e islamismo fundamentalista,
considerándose este último como la real, constante e inmodificable expresión
del Islam, no susceptible de transformación. A esto se opone un Occidente descrito,
de la misma manera, como una realidad con carácter universal, absoluto
y ahistórico, como la libertad y la democracia. El autor muestra la dimensión
ideológica y abstracta de tal interpretación y la inconsistencia histórica de una
prospectiva que reduce al Islam y a Occidente a dos “ideas platónicas”.
The author identifies and criticizes the so-called essentialist interpretation of Islam, which is widespread not only in some European and American Orientalist circles, but also even in intellectual contexts of more diverse political orientation. According to this vision, Islam is by its nature, in its essence, “intrinsically incompatible” with the West. In this way Islam is identified with fundamentalist islamism, as Huntington does in The Clash of Civilizations, and the latter is considered the true, constant and unchangeable expression of Islam, not susceptible to transformation. To this one counterposes a West described, in the same way, as a reality with characteristics of universality, absoluteness and ahistoricity, such as freedom and democracy. The author demonstrates the ideological and abstract dimension from that interpretation and the historical inconsistency of a perspective that reduces Islam and the West to two “platonic ideas.”
The author identifies and criticizes the so-called essentialist interpretation of Islam, which is widespread not only in some European and American Orientalist circles, but also even in intellectual contexts of more diverse political orientation. According to this vision, Islam is by its nature, in its essence, “intrinsically incompatible” with the West. In this way Islam is identified with fundamentalist islamism, as Huntington does in The Clash of Civilizations, and the latter is considered the true, constant and unchangeable expression of Islam, not susceptible to transformation. To this one counterposes a West described, in the same way, as a reality with characteristics of universality, absoluteness and ahistoricity, such as freedom and democracy. The author demonstrates the ideological and abstract dimension from that interpretation and the historical inconsistency of a perspective that reduces Islam and the West to two “platonic ideas.”
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Occidente, Libertad, Islam, Democracia, Laicidad, Western civilization, Freedom, Democracy, Secularism
Bibliographic citation
Derechos y Libertades: revista de filosofía del derecho y derechos humanos, junio 2014, n. 31, pp. 77-102