Publication: Contamos trabajadores o contamos con los trabajadores. Trabajo y empresa en la España contemporánea
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2001
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Marcial Pons : Centro de Estudios Constitucionales : Fundación Fomento de la Historia Económica
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Abstract
En este artículo se reflexiona sobre la necesidad de crear un marco analítico
específico que comprenda el trabajo como un factor esencial dentro del
conjunto de las relaciones internas y extemas que definen la competitividad
de las empresas y las estrategias que éstas desarroUaron para adaptarse al
medio. Se centra en el caso español, atendiendo a las diversidades regionales
y sectoriales. Frente al concepto de trabajo como fuerza comprada y apbcada,
y al estudio del conflicto entre trabajadores y empresarios, en este articulo
se analiza la evolución de las formas de organización del trabajo y se considera
al trabajo como un elemento que puede incentivar, impedir, facilitar, retrasar
y, sobre todo, adaptar a las distintas condiciones de partida el cambio tecnológico. Frente al énfasis en el capital físico a la hora de explicar las fuentes
de competitividad de las empresas, se incide en la importancia del capital
humano, sobre todo de las cualificaciones adquiridas en los talleres y de las
cualificaciones organizativas y de investigación. Especial atención se presta
al contexto institucional y a la interacción de las empresas con el Estado
en materia laboral en su triple papel de empleador, regulador e intermediano
en la transmisión de cualificaciones y conocimientos.
This article tries to provide a specific analytical framework which includes labour as an essential factor within the internal and extemal set of revotions defining the competitiveness of firms and their strategies to adapt to the enviroment in which they operate. Special attention is given to the Spanish case, taking into considerañon its regional and sectorial diversity. Instead of studying labour as an input to be bought and applied, or the history of the conflict between employers and employees, this article analyses the evolution of how different forms labour have been organised within firms. Labour is considered as an element with the potential to provide an incentive, to impede, facilitate, delay, and mainly adapt technological change to the different factor endowments. The emphasis is put on human capital ?mainly shopfloor skills, organisation skills and research skills? instead of physical capital to explain the competitiveness of firms. Special attention is reserved to the institutional context and the interaction between business and govemments on labour issues, analysing the state as an employer, regulator and intermediary in the transmission of skills and knowledge.
This article tries to provide a specific analytical framework which includes labour as an essential factor within the internal and extemal set of revotions defining the competitiveness of firms and their strategies to adapt to the enviroment in which they operate. Special attention is given to the Spanish case, taking into considerañon its regional and sectorial diversity. Instead of studying labour as an input to be bought and applied, or the history of the conflict between employers and employees, this article analyses the evolution of how different forms labour have been organised within firms. Labour is considered as an element with the potential to provide an incentive, to impede, facilitate, delay, and mainly adapt technological change to the different factor endowments. The emphasis is put on human capital ?mainly shopfloor skills, organisation skills and research skills? instead of physical capital to explain the competitiveness of firms. Special attention is reserved to the institutional context and the interaction between business and govemments on labour issues, analysing the state as an employer, regulator and intermediary in the transmission of skills and knowledge.
Description
Los novísimos en la Historia Económica de España. Edición a cargo de Francisco Comín y Blanca Sánchez Alonso
Editada en la Fundación Empresa Pública
Editada en la Fundación Empresa Pública
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Bibliographic citation
Revista de Historia Económica Año XIX 2001 Extraordinario pp. 201--228