Publication: Desarrollo de un entorno de visualización de alarmas para la gestión de la red eléctrica
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2013-07-09
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2013-07-09
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Abstract
Las redes eléctricas inteligentes, o Smart Grid, se caracterizan por su capacidad para integrar y gestionar, en tiempo real, las acciones de los usuarios conectados a la misma, con el fin de conseguir un suministro eléctrico eficiente, seguro y sostenible. Entre las propiedades de este tipo de infraestructura destaca el uso generalizado de sensores y aparatos de telemetría, lo que a los operadores de la red a bregar con grandes volúmenes de datos de muy diverso tipo y naturaleza. Este volumen masivo de información puede llevar al operador a perder, bajo ciertas circunstancias, la consciencia de lo que está ocurriendo en la red de manera global. A fin de minimizar este problema, el presente trabajo fin de grado propone un cambio en el paradigma de diseño de la interfaz de usuario de los sistemas de control de la red eléctrica inteligente.
La solución desarrollada en este proyecto se caracteriza por cuatro aspectos principales. En primer lugar, la división del espacio de trabajo en cuatro zonas: comunicación, monitorización, control y actuaciones. Esta división permite al operador realizar labores de operación de manera simultánea, tratando un evento concreto a la par que mantiene una visión general de la infraestructura. La segunda característica tiene que ver con la coordinación entre las cuatro zonas de trabajo. Gracias a esta característica, el operador pueda tratar un mismo dato desde diferentes puntos de vista. La tercera característica es el uso intensivo de la representación geoespacial de la red. Por último, destaca el uso de capas de información, lo que permite al operador la filtración de los elementos de la red mediante capas de información y el acceso a datos alfanuméricos coordinados con la visualización de la red. La suma de todos estos factores permite al operador realizar las tareas de monitorización y control de diferentes aspectos de la red eléctrica ya que el operador podrá consultar diferentes eventos o datos alfanuméricos sin perder la visión global de la red.
La solución desarrollada se corresponde por un prototipo software de tipo horizontal, desarrollado mediante la tecnología Windows Presentation Foundation, y optimizado para su eso en un monitor curvo de 43”. Este monitor permite una mayor uniformidad de la pantalla frente al clásico conjunto de pantallas de los entornos de operación. Para la elaboración de esta solución se ha seguido un modelo de proceso iterativo incremental, basado en la realización de sucesivos prototipos, con un nivel de detalle creciente, a fin de alcanzar la solución más adecuada.
La evaluación realizada ha demostrado que la solución cumple todos los requisitos necesarios en el diseño de la interfaz de usuario de un sistema de control. De cara a los trabajos futuros sobre la solución expuesta, se plantea el diseño de un escritorio de crisis. La actual solución plantea las tareas de monitorización y control de la red en situación de normalidad. Sin embargo, en situaciones de crisis, el operador suele enfrentar a avalanchas de alarmas que requieren la adaptación del sistema de control.
The Smart Grid is characterized by its ability to be integrated and managed in real time. The purpose of this way of operating is to get a efficient, safe, and sustainable power transmission. One of the most significant features of the Smart Grid is the massive use of sensors and telemetry devices. These components report large volumes of multidimensional information. This large volume of information can compromise, depending on the operational settings, the global situation awareness of the environment. This project proposes a specific user interface design approach to minimize these problems. The solution developed in this project is characterized by four main aspects. First, the workspace is divided into four areas: communication, monitoring, control, and actions. This structured allows the operator to simultaneously carry out operational tasks: the operator can manage a particular event, maintaining at the same time an overview of the infrastructure. Second, the four work areas are coordinated. Thus, the operator can control the same data from different points of view. The third feature is the extensive use of geospatial representation of grid. Finally, the solution emphasizes the use of information layers, which allows the operator to filter elements of grid. The information layers and access to alphanumeric data are coordinated with the display of grid. Thanks to these features, operators can handle different events or alphanumeric data without losing the overview of grid, allowing them to both monitor and control the grid. As a solution, a software horizontal prototype based on user interface features has been developed. The solution has been developed by using the Windows Presentation Foundation framework and optimized for being deployed in a 43” curved monitor. This monitor allows more screen uniformity compared to the classic set of screens using in operational environments. Regarding the development process, the solution has been built by following an iterative and incremental model, characterized by the development of successive prototypes. Each prototype provides an increasing level of detail in order to achieve the most appropriate solution. The evaluation has shown that the solution verifies all requirements. The validated requirements are all required in the design of a user interface of control system. Further work will be oriented to the design of a desktop crisis that support operating task during critical situations. The current solution is designed for monitoring and control the grid in normal situations; however, during crisis situations, the operator has to deal with alarm floods that require the adaptation of the control system.
The Smart Grid is characterized by its ability to be integrated and managed in real time. The purpose of this way of operating is to get a efficient, safe, and sustainable power transmission. One of the most significant features of the Smart Grid is the massive use of sensors and telemetry devices. These components report large volumes of multidimensional information. This large volume of information can compromise, depending on the operational settings, the global situation awareness of the environment. This project proposes a specific user interface design approach to minimize these problems. The solution developed in this project is characterized by four main aspects. First, the workspace is divided into four areas: communication, monitoring, control, and actions. This structured allows the operator to simultaneously carry out operational tasks: the operator can manage a particular event, maintaining at the same time an overview of the infrastructure. Second, the four work areas are coordinated. Thus, the operator can control the same data from different points of view. The third feature is the extensive use of geospatial representation of grid. Finally, the solution emphasizes the use of information layers, which allows the operator to filter elements of grid. The information layers and access to alphanumeric data are coordinated with the display of grid. Thanks to these features, operators can handle different events or alphanumeric data without losing the overview of grid, allowing them to both monitor and control the grid. As a solution, a software horizontal prototype based on user interface features has been developed. The solution has been developed by using the Windows Presentation Foundation framework and optimized for being deployed in a 43” curved monitor. This monitor allows more screen uniformity compared to the classic set of screens using in operational environments. Regarding the development process, the solution has been built by following an iterative and incremental model, characterized by the development of successive prototypes. Each prototype provides an increasing level of detail in order to achieve the most appropriate solution. The evaluation has shown that the solution verifies all requirements. The validated requirements are all required in the design of a user interface of control system. Further work will be oriented to the design of a desktop crisis that support operating task during critical situations. The current solution is designed for monitoring and control the grid in normal situations; however, during crisis situations, the operator has to deal with alarm floods that require the adaptation of the control system.
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Redes eléctricas, Sistemas eléctricos, Desarrollo de software, Gestión de la información