Publication: Circuitos dobladores de frecuencia en bandas milimétricas
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2013-09
Defense date
2013-10-01
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Abstract
En el presente documento, se realiza una breve introducción a los sistemas de comunicación en bandas de frecuencia milimétricas (30 a 300 GHz), como innovación ante la poca flexibilidad actual en el uso del espectro radioeléctrico a bajas frecuencias. Estos sistemas a altas frecuencias, aportan entre otras ventajas, un mayor ancho de banda y una reducción en las dimensiones de los componentes, aunque como contraprestación sufren una alta degradación por fenómenos atmosféricos.
La dificultad de encontrar generadores de señal a tan altas frecuencias, lleva a que el sistema propuesto en este trabajo esté basado en el diseño de un circuito doblador, implementado en tecnología Microstrip, que transforma una señal de entrada de frecuencia 15 GHz (banda de microondas), en una señal de salida de frecuencia 30GHz (banda milimétrica), aprovechando las características no lineales del elemento activo, en este caso, el diodo de barrera Schottky para la generación de armónicos.
Se presentarán diferentes alternativas, ya que, se han diseñado dos dobladores de frecuencia de 15 a 30 GHz, con dos diodos diferentes, MA4E1317 y DBES105A, comparando las prestaciones obtenidas por ambos dispositivos.
Por último, para completar el circuito transmisor, se han desarrollado dos antenas impresas de parche, de forma circular, a la frecuencia de resonancia de 30 GHz, alimentadas por línea de transmisión con inserción. La primera de ellas, diseñada para una impedancia de 50Ω, que sirve de modelo para desarrollar la segunda antena, adaptada a la salida del circuito doblador buscando su integración con la máxima transferencia de potencia posible.
Se han fabricado, tanto el circuito doblador, como la antena, midiendo los resultados experimentalmente, para realizar la comparación con los obtenidos mediante simulación.
This paper present a brief introduction to communications systems in millimeter frequency bands (from 30 GHz to 300 GHz), as an alternative to low frequency bands massive use. This high frequency system contributes with a rising bandwidth and a reduction of the device dimensions, although as a drawback the signal suffers degradation due to atmospheric phenomenon. The difficulty on finding out high bandwidth signals generators, lead us to the proposed system is based on a doubler circuit, which have been implemented with microstrip technology, which transforms a 15 GHz input signal (microwaves band), into a output signal of 30 GHz (millimeter band). This is possible by exploiting the nonlineal characteristics of active element, Schottky diode, in order to generate harmonics signals. Two different alternatives have been presented on this document as the design of the circuit has been developed with two different types of diodes (MA4E1317 and DBES105A), which frequencies range goes from 15 GHz to 30 GHz. As a part of this document the results obtained with both diodes have been compared. Finally, to complete the transmitting circuit, two Microstrip antennas, circular patch (which resonance frequency is 30 GHz) have been developed and fed by transmission line. The first of them, designed to 50Ω impedance, serves as a model to develop the second antenna adapted to the output of the doubler circuit integration with the maximum power transfer possible. The doubler circuit as the antenna has been made by meassuring the experimental results in order to compare these results with the simulation results.
This paper present a brief introduction to communications systems in millimeter frequency bands (from 30 GHz to 300 GHz), as an alternative to low frequency bands massive use. This high frequency system contributes with a rising bandwidth and a reduction of the device dimensions, although as a drawback the signal suffers degradation due to atmospheric phenomenon. The difficulty on finding out high bandwidth signals generators, lead us to the proposed system is based on a doubler circuit, which have been implemented with microstrip technology, which transforms a 15 GHz input signal (microwaves band), into a output signal of 30 GHz (millimeter band). This is possible by exploiting the nonlineal characteristics of active element, Schottky diode, in order to generate harmonics signals. Two different alternatives have been presented on this document as the design of the circuit has been developed with two different types of diodes (MA4E1317 and DBES105A), which frequencies range goes from 15 GHz to 30 GHz. As a part of this document the results obtained with both diodes have been compared. Finally, to complete the transmitting circuit, two Microstrip antennas, circular patch (which resonance frequency is 30 GHz) have been developed and fed by transmission line. The first of them, designed to 50Ω impedance, serves as a model to develop the second antenna adapted to the output of the doubler circuit integration with the maximum power transfer possible. The doubler circuit as the antenna has been made by meassuring the experimental results in order to compare these results with the simulation results.
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Keywords
Bandas milimétricas, Antenas, Dobladores de frecuencia, Radiocomunicación, Tecnología microstrip